{"id":550175,"date":"2022-03-31T15:40:45","date_gmt":"2022-03-31T19:40:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=550175"},"modified":"2025-07-09T12:03:04","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T16:03:04","slug":"gazetecilerin-haberde-yapay-zeka-ve-uydu-goruntulerini-kullanma-kilavuzu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/hikayeler\/gazetecilerin-haberde-yapay-zeka-ve-uydu-goruntulerini-kullanma-kilavuzu\/","title":{"rendered":"Gazetecilerin Haberde Yapay Zeka ve Uydu G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini Kullanma K\u0131lavuzu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Edit\u00f6r\u00fcn Notu: Bu yaz\u0131 Notion\u2019da yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yazardan izin al\u0131narak tekrar GIJN\u2019de yay\u0131nlan\u0131yor. GIJN\u2019in AI ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Gazetecilik serisi olarak tekrar dola\u015f\u0131ma soktu\u011fu i\u00e7eriklerden.<\/p>\n<p>Bu gazetecilerden ve veri merakl\u0131lar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan ekibimizin 2021 JournalismAI Collab Challenges\u2019den ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir i\u015f birli\u011finin ve\u00a0 bir hikayeyi takip etmek i\u00e7in uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerindeki g\u00f6rsel g\u00f6stergeleri belirlemekde yapay zekay\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hikayesidir. Arac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, uzak bir b\u00f6lgede in\u015fa edilen yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 u\u00e7ak pistlerini veya bir ormandaki ormans\u0131zla\u015fman\u0131n geni\u015flemesini veya ger\u00e7ekten halka a\u00e7\u0131k bir yol in\u015fa edilip edilmedi\u011fini tespit etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck.<\/p>\n<p>Arazideki belirli bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin g\u00f6rseli veya yukar\u0131dan tuhaf bir altyap\u0131y\u0131 tespit etmek bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazetecilik konusuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z, uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin bulgular\u0131 do\u011frulamak veya yeni kan\u0131tlar toplamak i\u00e7in iyi olup \/olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z ve nereden ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir fikriniz yoksa bu k\u0131lavuz sizin i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ekibimiz (Bloomberg News, CLIP, DataCritica ve La Naci\u00f3n\u2019dan \u00fcyelerle birlikte) haber yaz\u0131m\u0131nda uygulamal\u0131 hesaplama teknikleriyle birlikte uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmeye hevesliydi. Uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin gezegenimizin durumu hakk\u0131nda birden \u00e7ok detay\u0131 yakalayarak daha etkili, ikna eden ve potansiyelimizi artt\u0131racak d\u00fczeyde bilgi sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini biliyorduk. B\u00f6yle bir ara\u00e7 \u00e7o\u011fu gazeteci i\u00e7in karma\u015f\u0131k\u00a0 ve ula\u015f\u0131lmaz gibi olabilr. Bu y\u00fczden fikir vermesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilir\/tekrarlanabilir bir i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 yaratmak istedik.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/1-Page_guide_to_using_AI_and_satellite_imagery_1-771x1752.png\" alt=\"1-Page_guide_to_using_AI_and_satellite_imagery_(1)\" width=\"771\" height=\"1752\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00dcst d\u00fczey ad\u0131mlarla tek sayfal\u0131k uydu veri k\u0131lavuzu. Resim: Yukar\u0131dan ekibin izniyle kullan\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Ortak ilgi alan\u0131m\u0131z iklim krizine bu mercekten bakmakt\u0131, bu y\u00fczden herhangi bir hikayenin ilk, hayati ad\u0131m\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131k yani \u2018fikirler\u2019 ile. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 toplad\u0131k ve grubumuz i\u00e7inde ormanlar\u0131n, k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feritlerinin ve di\u011fer co\u011frafi unsurlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri kullan\u0131larak tahmin edilebilecek \u00e7ok say\u0131da hikaye fikri ortaya koyduk ve korunan ormanlar i\u00e7inde yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131\u011f\u0131r \u00e7iftli\u011fini tespit etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><strong>Meksika\u2019da:<\/strong>\u00a0Data Cr\u00edtica, Meksika\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusundaki korunan alanlarda ineklerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi ald\u0131.\u00a0Baz\u0131lar\u0131 Meksika ve Orta Amerika\u2019daki en b\u00fcy\u00fck nemli tropik ormanlar\u0131 temsil etti\u011finden bu alanlar \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.\u00a0Bu bilgi, bir algoritmay\u0131 e\u011fitmek i\u00e7in kaliteli veri getirme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek olan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin elde edilmesi ve ard\u0131ndan bu algoritmay\u0131 yeni alanlara uygulayarak di\u011fer benzer alanlar\u0131n tespit edilmesi ile ilgili. Baz\u0131 durumlarda bu; al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kolombiya\u2019da:<\/strong>\u00a0CLIP, Pulitzer Kriz Raporlama Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen yerel orta\u011eI 360 ile birlikte, inek a\u015f\u0131lama verileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Amazon orman\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in kilit ge\u00e7i\u015f ekosistemleri olan d\u00f6rt milli park\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlukta inek tespit etti.\u00a0\u0130nekleri haritaya daha iyi yerle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki co\u011frafi \u015fekiller i\u00e7in kaynaklar farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, bu ormanlar hakk\u0131nda geni\u015f, yerinde bilgi sahibi Fundaci\u00f3n para la Conservaci\u00f3n y el Desarrollo Sostenible (Fcds) ile de i\u015f birli\u011fi yapt\u0131k.\u00a0Mevcut en g\u00fcncel veri 2020 verisiydi. Uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinde inekleri belirlemek, mevcut durumu de\u011ferlendirmemize ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131n ve bununla birlikte gelen ormans\u0131zla\u015fman\u0131n geni\u015flemeye devam edip etmedi\u011fini belirlememize olanak sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Uydu G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini Alma, Saklama ve \u0130\u015fleme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Amazon\u2019un korunan ormanlar\u0131nda yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131\u011f\u0131r \u00e7iftli\u011fi oldu\u011funa dair herhangi bir i\u015faretin pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde, bir sonraki ad\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z bizi destekleyebilecek g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler elde etmekti. Bu, denemek ve e\u011fitmek istedi\u011fimiz bilgisayarl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc algoritmalar\u0131n\u0131n ana bile\u015feni olacakt\u0131r. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta, ilgili haber kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n haber yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt G\u00fcney Amerika \u00fclkesini (Meksika, Kolombiya, Brezilya ve Arjantin) hedeflemek i\u00e7in iddial\u0131 bir hedefle yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k, ancak k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra ilgi alanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 daraltmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini fark ettik, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ad\u0131m bekledi\u011fimizden \u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerine eri\u015fim her zamankinden daha yayg\u0131n ancak daha y\u00fcksek kaliteli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler elde etmek\u00a0 nesne alg\u0131laman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu yerlerde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckler\u00a0 y\u00fcksek bir maliyetle geliyor. Maxar, Planet, Sentinel, Google Earth gibi en b\u00fcy\u00fck sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131larla ileti\u015fim kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131za ra\u011fmen, bir ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir projeyle ilgilendi\u011finizde sorgular\u0131n\u0131za yan\u0131t almakta zorland\u0131k. Ancak \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden, belirli hedefler pe\u015finde ko\u015fan kurulu\u015flara ve gazetecilere uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerine \u00fccretsiz eri\u015fime ve\/veya indirmeye izin veren ve bir kaynak olarak buna odaklanan artan say\u0131da program oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fck.<\/p>\n<p>Planet\u2019in biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik NICFI program\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131k. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler piksel ba\u015f\u0131na 4,7 metre \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahip, Landsat g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinden daha y\u00fcksek, ancak daha az bant ili\u015fkili.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bu a\u015famada ak\u0131lda tutulmas\u0131 gereken iki kriter:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn maliyeti ve kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fi:<\/strong>\u00a0Maliyet kaliteye, kalite ise hikayeniz i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funuz alg\u0131lama t\u00fcr\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bizim durumumuzda inekleri tespit etmek, geni\u015f bir alanda yamalar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmekten \u00e7ok daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir i\u015ftir. Veya daha genel olarak, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc etiketleme.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fc<strong>nt\u00fclerin saklanmas\u0131 ve i\u015flenmesi:<\/strong>\u00a0Kaliteli uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri 100 kilometre kare ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,3 GB gerektirir. Bu, Teksas b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir alan\u0131 kaplayacak kabaca iki terabaytl\u0131k, Brezilya b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir alan\u0131 kapsayacak \u015fekilde 26 terabayta kadar g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelir. Alan\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutmak, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i depolama ve i\u015fleme yeteneklerine izin verecektir. Herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik tespiti yapmak istiyorsak (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bir alan\u0131 bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak), bu, gereken depolama kapasitesini iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mevcut Yapay Zeka Tekniklerini Anlama<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinden yerdeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, fenomenleri veya hayvanlar\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in ak\u0131ll\u0131 algoritmalar geli\u015ftirmeye kimin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bularak sonu\u00e7lar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131k. Bu \u015fu anlama geliyordu:<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Deneyimli ki\u015filerle konu\u015fmak ve tekniklerini belgelemek.<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri i\u015flemek i\u00e7in uygun bir yapay zeka\/bilgisayar g\u00f6rme tekni\u011fi bulma.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini makine \u00f6\u011frenimi teknikleriyle birlikte kullanan projelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerle de konu\u015fmak istedik.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte r\u00f6portajlar\u0131m\u0131zdan ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar:<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri, i\u00e7erdi\u011fi bilgileri ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak ve ard\u0131ndan ek bilgileri tespit etmek i\u00e7in yeni ili\u015fkilendirmeler olu\u015fturmak ve i\u015flemek i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok AI tekni\u011fi mevcut.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerden \u00e7iftlik hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in bir nesne tan\u0131mlama algoritmas\u0131 e\u011fitmemiz gerekiyordu\u00a0 ancak orman b\u00f6lgelerindeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri tespit etmek i\u00e7in birden fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00fczerinde zaman serisi analizi kullanmam\u0131z gerekiyordu. Bu, hesaplama zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131 ve ilk prototip a\u015famas\u0131nda teknik bir boru hatt\u0131 form\u00fcle etmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Ukrayna\u2019da bir veri gazetecili\u011fi ajans\u0131 olan Texty.org.ua\u2019n\u0131n uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinde kehribar madencili\u011fini tespit etmek i\u00e7in bir makine modeli uygulayan Leprosy of the Land\u2019de benzer bir proje yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun nas\u0131l ay benzeri bir manzara yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulduk 70.000 kilometrekare \u00fczerinde. Texty\u2019den Anatoly Bondarenko ile r\u00f6portaj yapt\u0131k. Counting Cows projesinden Alfredo Kalaitzis ile de konu\u015ftuk. (Bu projedeki verileri GitHub\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilirsiniz.)<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nekler sabit bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in piksel ba\u015f\u0131na 0,5 metreden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tan\u0131ml\u0131 herhangi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc yaln\u0131zca en altta (g\u00f6zlemcinin do\u011frudan alt\u0131ndaki nokta) al\u0131n\u0131rsa \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. 10 derecelik bir a\u00e7\u0131yla \u00e7ekilen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler bile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc etkileyecektir. Bununla birlikte, ama\u00e7 inekleri saymak de\u011fil, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya yoklu\u011fu belirlemekse, \u00e7evre \u00e7itler, ah\u0131rlar, tar\u0131m arazileri, su delikleri gibi s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar i\u00e7in bir vekil olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir. Sonunda ger\u00e7ek inek say\u0131m\u0131 yerine vekiller i\u00e7in gitti\u011fimiz i\u00e7in, bu bizim i\u00e7in Yukar\u0131dan\u2019da anahtard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Projeleri y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri, onlar\u0131 kitle kaynakl\u0131 fonlarla Maxar\u2019dan sat\u0131n alan ortaklar\u0131 Global Witness\u2019tan ald\u0131. Belirli bir alan\u0131n foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in bir uyduya \u00f6deme yapabilirsiniz, ancak ba\u015fka birinin daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6revlendirdi\u011fi baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin lisans\u0131n\u0131 da sat\u0131n alabilirsiniz. Orijinal g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin anl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleriyle projeyi yay\u0131nlamalar\u0131na izin verildi. Bu \u00f6neriden yola \u00e7\u0131karak ekibimiz, g\u00f6rsellere sahip olabilecek bir ortak arad\u0131. La Naci\u00f3n, piksel ba\u015f\u0131na 0,3 metrelik yaln\u0131zca bir y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc i\u00e7in fon ald\u0131. Algoritma \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in reddettiler.<\/p>\n<p>Projeleri, a\u00e7\u0131klama eklemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri 100\u2019e 100 karoya b\u00f6ld\u00fc. Ve toplu olarak a\u00e7\u0131klama eklemeleri birka\u00e7 saat ve daha fazla tutarl\u0131l\u0131k ald\u0131. \u00d6rneklerini takip ettik ve toplu olarak a\u00e7\u0131klama ekledik ve h\u0131z ve tutarl\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00e7ok faydal\u0131 bulduk.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin saklanmas\u0131, bizimki gibi baz\u0131 durumlarda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun de\u011fildir. Belirli alanlara bakarken, olu\u015fturdu\u011fumuz i\u015flemi normal bir bilgisayar kullanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz \u2013 en az 16 GB RAM, ne kadar fazla RAM o kadar iyi \u2013 ve standart 1 TB sabit disk, al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yaparken ve algoritmalar\u0131 tek bir d\u00f6\u015femede uygularken (d\u00fczinelerce kilometre uzunlu\u011funda) bir seferde. Bununla birlikte bu uydu kutular\u0131ndan birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda depolamak ve i\u015flemek ya da s\u00fcreci ba\u015fka bir \u015fekilde y\u00fckseltmek istiyorsan\u0131z\u00a0 \u00f6rne\u011fin, t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler alan\u0131na bakmak i\u00e7in\u00a0 bulut bili\u015fim hizmetleri gerekli hale gelebilir.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><em>\u201cBu t\u00fcr uygulamalar i\u00e7in ana s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn, sayma algoritmalar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi de\u011fil, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclere eri\u015fim oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yoruz.\u00a0Ayr\u0131ca, belirli bir bireyin kimli\u011finin belirlenmesi, hen\u00fcz ticari uydularda bulunmayan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckleri gerektirir\u201d \u2014 Counting Cows projesinden Alfredo Kalaitzis<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image1-2.png\" alt=\"Meksika orman\u0131n\u0131n uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc. \u00dcst Ekipten.\" width=\"755\" height=\"491\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Meksika nemli tropikal ormanlar\u0131nda \u0130lgi Alan\u0131.\u00a0Resim: From Above ekibinin izniyle.<\/p>\n<h4>\u00c7abalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 Y\u00f6nlendirmek ve Odaklamak<\/h4>\n<p>En b\u00fcy\u00fck uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131za ra\u011fmen, bir i\u015fbirli\u011fi veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck proje sorgular\u0131na yan\u0131t almakta zorland\u0131k.\u00a0Ancak \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden, belirli hedefler pe\u015finde ko\u015fan kurulu\u015flara ve gazetecilere uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerine \u00fccretsiz eri\u015fime ve\/veya indirmeye izin veren ve bir kaynak olarak buna odaklanan artan say\u0131da program oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fck.<\/p>\n<p>Piksel ba\u015f\u0131na 0,4 metreye kadar HD g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclere eri\u015femezsek inekleri tespit edemeyecektik.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><em>\u201cUmar\u0131m<\/em>\u00a0en az\u0131ndan\u00a0<em>\u00fclkelerden biri i\u00e7in alabilir ve t\u00fcm s\u00fcrecin ilerledi\u011fini g\u00f6rebiliriz.\u00a0M\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, daha geni\u015f nesne alg\u0131lamal\u0131 ba\u015fka bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ad\u0131m\u0131na ge\u00e7ebiliriz, b\u00f6ylece \u00fccretsiz olarak eri\u015filebilen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerden yararlanabiliriz.\u201d\u00a0\u2014 Flor Coelho, Yukar\u0131dan ekip \u00fcyesi<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Arjantin, Meksika ve Kolombiya\u2019da veri kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131 ve bunlardan kaynaklanan sorunlar hakk\u0131nda iyi bir fikrimiz vard\u0131: teknik, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc maliyeti, bulutlar, tarihsel y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme ve di\u011ferleri.\u00a0Tek tek inekleri tan\u0131mlamaktan vazge\u00e7tik.\u00a0Ah\u0131rlar, \u00e7itler, yollar, \u00e7iftlik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndaki d\u00fcz \u00e7izgiler ve insan yap\u0131m\u0131 su kuyular\u0131 gibi di\u011fer unsurlar\u0131n korunan bir alanda inekleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fini ke\u015ffettik.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fbirli\u011finde daha \u00f6nce bahsetti\u011fimiz arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye karar verdik.\u00a0S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in gerekenlerden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler kullanarak \u00e7ift\u00e7ili\u011fi tan\u0131mlard\u0131k.\u00a0RGB \u2013 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, ye\u015fil, mavi \u2013 ve k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi lenslerin nesne alg\u0131lamay\u0131 analiz etmeye nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu inceledik.\u00a0Uydular, farkl\u0131 \u015feyleri daha iyi tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in RGB lensleri veya k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesini kullanabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu bilgilerle, Arjantin, Brezilya, Kolombiya ve Meksika\u2019da ya korunan ya da daha \u00f6nce ormanlarla kapl\u0131 alanlardaki \u00e7iftlik hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131 (s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131) tespit etmemizi sa\u011flayacak bir ara\u00e7 geli\u015ftirmeye odakland\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.planet.com\/nicfi\/\">Planet\u2019in NICFI program\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya karar verdik.<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>Planet\u2019in NICFI hesab\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funuzda, Planet\u2019s Basemaps Viewer ile Planet\u2019s Explorer aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak not al\u0131n.\u00a0\u0130lki, daha \u00f6nce bahsedilen birka\u00e7 katmanla \u201canalitik\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri indirmenize izin verir.\u00a0Planet\u2019in Temel Haritas\u0131na (veya ba\u015fka bir uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc kayna\u011f\u0131na) girdikten sonra, indirilebilir \u201cg\u00f6rsel\u201d bile\u015fimler ile \u201canalitik\u201d bile\u015fimler aras\u0131nda net bir ayr\u0131m yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.\u00a0\u0130kinci k\u00fcme, daha \u00f6nce bahsetti\u011fimiz birka\u00e7 bantla kodlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0<em>G\u00f6rsel olarak, Gezgin ve Temel Haritalar neredeyse ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor, ancak yaln\u0131zca ikincisi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin i\u015flenmesi ve veri \u00e7\u0131karma\/modelleme i\u00e7in indirilmesine izin veriyor.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4>Ek A\u00e7\u0131klama Kriterleri ve Y\u00f6nergeleri<\/h4>\n<p>Eldeki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc segmentasyonu g\u00f6revi i\u00e7in etiketler toplamaya karar verdik ve zorlu\u011fun veri ve zaman k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131 dengelerken ekibimizin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tercihlerine uygun bir ara\u00e7 (GroundWork) se\u00e7tik.\u00a0Grup olarak, \u0130lgi Alan\u0131m\u0131z (AOI) i\u00e7in resimlere a\u00e7\u0131klama ekledi\u011fimiz y\u00f6nergeleri belirlemek ve \u00fczerinde anla\u015fmak da bizim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemliydi.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"771\" height=\"329\" class=\"wp-image-473181\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image2-771x329.png\" alt=\"Zemin \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Resim 1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image2-771x329.png 771w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image2-336x143.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image2-768x328.png 768w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image2-1536x655.png 1536w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image2-1170x499.png 1170w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image2.png 1692w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image10-771x362.png\" alt=\"Zemin \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 2 resmi\" width=\"771\" height=\"362\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Resimler: Yukar\u0131dan ekibin izniyle<\/p>\n<p>A\u00e7\u0131klama eklemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6rsel bile\u015fimi (daha az katmana sahip olan\u0131) kullanabilirsiniz.\u00a0A\u00e7\u0131klama s\u00fcrecinden sonra elde etti\u011finiz \u015fey, karada tan\u0131mlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z her bir \u00f6\u011fe (ve bunlar\u0131n enlem ve boylamlardaki referanslar\u0131) i\u00e7in \u00e7izdi\u011finiz \u00e7okgenler veya noktalard\u0131r.\u00a0Daha sonra, bu bilgiyi uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcnde kodlanm\u0131\u015f yans\u0131ma bilgisiyle e\u015fle\u015ftireceksiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Spesifik g\u00f6reviniz i\u00e7in temsil etti\u011fi avantaj ve dezavantajlara dayal\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klama arac\u0131 se\u00e7melisiniz.\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/learnopencv.com\/annotating-images-using-opencv\/\">A\u00e7\u0131klama i\u00e7in \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak OpenCV<\/a>\u00a0veya Cvat\u00a0gibi harika ara\u00e7lar var , ancak bunlar\u0131 tam olarak test edemedik.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin, baz\u0131 ara\u00e7lar kesintisiz \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i i\u015fbirli\u011fine izin verir, ancak Planet\u2019ten (piksel ba\u015f\u0131na 4,7 metre) daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler y\u00fcklemenizi engelleyebilir.\u00a0Bu durumda, kendi bilgisayar sisteminizde QGIS veya R gibi programlar\u0131 kullanmak gibi \u00e7evrimd\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir i\u015flem kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak, tutarl\u0131l\u0131k ve h\u0131z sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in toplu olarak a\u00e7\u0131klama eklemek istedik ve \u00e7evrimd\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, i\u015fbirli\u011fini biraz daha hantal hale getirebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Toplu a\u00e7\u0131klama eklemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131m\u0131 olduk\u00e7a kolay olan GroundWork\u2019u kullanmaya karar verdik.<\/p>\n<p>Gazetecilik a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak uzmanlar\u0131\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.bellingcat.com\/\">Bellingcat<\/a>\u00a0, bizimle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bize Planet\u2019in ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in e\u011fitim vermekle kalmad\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda Kolombiya\u2019da inekleri g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz park alan\u0131nda \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler de verdi.\u00a0Bunlar, Bellingcat\u2019in \u00fccretli bir hesap arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015febildi\u011fi, Planet taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00f6nceki g\u00f6revler taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerdi.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/AnnotationTask-GroundWork4-771x522.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"771\" height=\"522\" \/><\/p>\n<p>From Above ekibi, ilgi alanlar\u0131n\u0131 incelerken yedi farkl\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 belirlemeyi se\u00e7ti.\u00a0Resim: Yukar\u0131dan ekibin izniyle<\/p>\n<p>Denetimli algoritmam\u0131zda kullanmak \u00fczere yedi etiket (su, orman, tar\u0131m arazisi, su kuyusu olan tar\u0131m arazisi, altyap\u0131, yol ve tan\u0131mlanamayan) se\u00e7tik.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/AnnotationTask-GroundWork1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"584\" height=\"612\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Resim:Ekibin izniyle kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, d\u00f6\u015femeye d\u00f6\u015femeye a\u00e7\u0131klama ekledi\u011fimiz daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00f6\u015femelere b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc.\u00a0Renkli d\u00f6\u015femelere a\u00e7\u0131klama eklendi, ancak geri kalan\u0131 bu ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda hala i\u015faretlenmemi\u015f durumdayd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin,\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.bellingcat.com\/\">Bellingcat<\/a>\u00a0, uygulamalar\u0131nda bir aksakl\u0131k nedeniyle GroundWork\u2019a y\u00fckleyemedi\u011fimiz \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler sa\u011flad\u0131.\u00a0Bu bizi, Google Earth gibi \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak sunulan baz\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc haritalarla ek a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrekli do\u011frulamaya zorlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Yararl\u0131 etiketler \u00fczerinde anla\u015ft\u0131ktan ve orman, su, tar\u0131m arazisi vb. \u00fczerinde bir miktar tutarl\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flad\u0131ktan sonra, yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 saati birlikte a\u00e7\u0131klama ekledik ve 15 saat daha bireysel a\u00e7\u0131klama ekledik. Her kareye d\u00f6rt g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 ekledik: ikisi Kolombiya parklar\u0131ndan, ve ikisi Meksika\u2019n\u0131n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alan\u0131ndan.<\/p>\n<h4>Teknik Boru Hatt\u0131 \u2014 Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m<\/h4>\n<p>\u00dczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki temel veri veya bilgi vard\u0131\u00a0<em>:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Orijinal uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc \u2014 tarama g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn katmanlar\u0131ndan elde edilen veriler (tiff dosya bi\u00e7iminde).<\/li>\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u2014 a\u00e7\u0131klama s\u00fcrecinde etiketlenen veriler (\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/geojson.org\/\">GeoJSON<\/a>\u00a0dosya bi\u00e7iminde).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image11-771x551.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"771\" height=\"551\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Bu dizide, analitik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn be\u015f katmana indirildi\u011fini g\u00f6rebilirsiniz: k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, ye\u015fil, mavi, yak\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi ve ek bir \u201calfa\u201d katman\u0131.\u00a0Bunun gibi baz\u0131 programlar, bu farkl\u0131 renkleri gri tonlamal\u0131 olarak i\u015fler.\u00a0Resim: Yukar\u0131dan ekibin izniyle<\/p>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar, insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6remedi\u011fi bilgileri \u00e7\u0131karmam\u0131za ve ilk prototipimizi olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in katmanlar ile etiketler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri \u00f6\u011frenmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin katmanlar\u0131na (bantlar\u0131na) g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bilgileri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n.\u00a0Katmanlar\u0131n farkl\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeleri, farkl\u0131 bilgileri daha belirgin hale getirir.\u00a0\u0130lk g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcde g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen bir \u201cger\u00e7ek renk\u201d bile\u015fimi;\u00a0sa\u011fda, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc vurgulayan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve yak\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi kombinasyonu (k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131).<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image13-771x551.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"771\" height=\"551\" \/>Resim: Yukar\u0131dan ekibin izniyle<\/li>\n<li>Etiketli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcden bilgi ay\u0131klay\u0131n.\n<ol>\n<li>Alanla ilgili g\u00f6rsel incelemeye ve ba\u011flamsal bilgiye dayal\u0131 bir veri k\u00fcmesi olu\u015fturun (di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye a\u00e7\u0131klama ekleme).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 veri k\u00fcmesinin ve uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn kapsam, referans sistem projeksiyonu ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uyumlu oldu\u011fundan emin olun.\u00a0Bu durumda, uyumlu dosyalar\u0131m\u0131z olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye a\u00e7\u0131klama ekledik, ancak \u00f6rne\u011fin, a\u00e7\u0131klama arac\u0131 orijinal g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye baz\u0131 bilgiler ekler veya kald\u0131r\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece gerekli \u00f6\u011felere sahip olman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.\n<ol>\n<li><em>Kapsam<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 Enlem ve boylam, iki dosyaya ait olan \u015fekille ayn\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><em>Sistem projeksiyonu<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 Ayn\u0131 koordinat referans sistemine sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n<li><em>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 Her ikisi de piksel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131na ayn\u0131 metreye sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Uydu bilgilerini ve a\u00e7\u0131klama bilgilerini bir araya getirin.\u00a0\u2018Denetlenen\u2019 model e\u011fitiminde, modelin bilin\u00e7li olarak \u00f6\u011frenmesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmalar\u0131 sa\u011flars\u0131n\u0131z.\u00a0\u2018Denetlenmeyen\u2019 bir y\u00f6ntemde, bilgisayar\u0131n karar verdi\u011finiz s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 otomatik olarak alg\u0131lamas\u0131na izin verirsiniz.\u00a0Bu, a\u00e7\u0131klama eklemekten \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 olabilir, ancak yaln\u0131zca insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6rebildi\u011fi kritik ba\u011flamdan yoksun olabilirsiniz.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image12-771x476.png\" alt=\"resim12\" width=\"771\" height=\"476\" \/>Resim: Yukar\u0131dan ekibin izniyle<\/li>\n<li>Makineden t\u00fcm bilgi katmanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki do\u011fal ili\u015fkileri \u00f6\u011frenmesini isteyin (algoritmay\u0131 e\u011fitin).\u00a0\u0130li\u015fkilendirme \u00f6\u011frenmeleri i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7im yapabilirsiniz.\u00a0\u00d6rne\u011fin, Rastgele Orman algoritmas\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7tik, ancak Denetimli Vekt\u00f6r Makineleri algoritmas\u0131n\u0131 veya ba\u015fka herhangi bir algoritmay\u0131 da kullanabilirsiniz.\n<ul>\n<li>Kategoriler ve i\u00e7sel bilgiler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler, uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcndeki her katman\u0131n piksellerinde kodlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0\u00d6rne\u011fin, s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z ve her katman aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin g\u00fcc\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131n belirli kategorilerini tahmin etmede di\u011ferlerinden daha iyi olacak baz\u0131 bilgi katmanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image8.png\" alt=\"resim8\" width=\"410\" height=\"390\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fctleme algoritmas\u0131n\u0131n nihai sonucu.\u00a0Resim: Yukar\u0131dan ekibin izniyle<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen uydu verileriyle test edin.\u00a0Umar\u0131m \u015fimdi, bir hikayeyi yedeklemek veya daha derinlemesine raporlamay\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerden ve hesaplama tekniklerinden baz\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 g\u00f6rsel bilgiler g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcn\u00fczd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bu ad\u0131mlar\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc, GitHub\u00a0\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/datacritica.github.io\/FromAboveAI_guide\/\">burada<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0veya\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/github.com\/DataCritica\/FromAboveAI_guide\">burada<\/a>\u00a0tam tekrarlanabilirlik i\u00e7in Yukar\u0131dan deposunda geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir .<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n<h5>Kaynaklar:<\/h5>\n<p>Bu, yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131na tavsiye edece\u011fimiz derlenmi\u015f kaynaklar\u0131n bir listesidir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Veri kaynaklar\u0131:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/github.com\/planetlabs\/notebooks\/blob\/master\/jupyter-notebooks\/data-api-tutorials\/search_and_download_quickstart.ipynb\">Gezegen API\u2019si<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.planet.com\/nicfi\/\">Gezegen NICFI<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.maxar.com\/news-bureau\">Maxar\u2019\u0131n haber b\u00fcrosunda<\/a>\u00a0, Planet\u2019in\u00a0\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.planet.com\/press\/\">haber b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde<\/a>\u00a0\u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bilgi bulabilirsiniz\u00a0ve Skytruth da\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.skytruth.org\/about\/in-the-news\/\">projelerini<\/a>\u00a0anlat\u0131yor .\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/descarteslabs.com\">Descartes Laboratuvar\u0131<\/a>\u00a0var\u00a0.\u00a0Ayr\u0131ca\u00a0, Norve\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/sentinels.copernicus.eu\/web\/sentinel\/home\">Sentinel\u2019den<\/a>\u00a0al\u0131nan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclere dayanan Amazon ya\u011fmur orman\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri i\u00e7in\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/maaproject.org\/2021\/norway-agreement\/\">MAAP projesine ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bize ilham veren hikayeler ve makaleler:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.ox.ac.uk\/news\/2020-12-18-spotting-elephants-space-satellite-revolution\">Maxar\u2019dan<\/a>\u00a0(Oxford) Worldview 3 ile filleri tespit etmek.\u00a0Olas\u0131 sinerjileri aramak i\u00e7in Filleri Tespit Eden Ara\u015ft\u0131rma\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/rse2.195\">Makalelerine<\/a>\u00a0bakt\u0131k .<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/medium.com\/participate-in-the-wids-2019-datathon\/submit-an-entry-to-the-wids-datathon-2e6d45a4844d\">Palmiye plantasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in WiDS datathon<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0(Stanford)<\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/github.com\/dymaxionlabs\/basurales\">A\u00e7\u0131k kaynak \u00e7\u00f6p tespiti.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u0130nekleri saymak i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kalitesiyle ilgili\u00a0Counting Cows akademik makale\u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/10KGUd1hIMtlVjKJqGhTYM867L6C9ggtIDjZe7Vx8neM\/edit?usp%3Dsharing\">ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0<\/a><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/345970974_Counting_Cows_Tracking_Illegal_Cattle_Ranching_From_High-Resolution_Satellite_Imagery\">ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 .<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><strong>Ek kaynaklar<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><em><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/gijn-org.translate.goog\/2021\/09\/30\/interpreting-data-tips\/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=tr&amp;_x_tr_hl=en&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp\">Verileri Yorumlama: Rakamlar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Okuyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 Bildi\u011finizden Emin Olmak \u0130\u00e7in \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/gijn-org.translate.goog\/2016\/06\/29\/how-one-mexican-data-team-uncovered-the-story-of-4000-missing-women\/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=tr&amp;_x_tr_hl=en&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp\">Bir Meksikal\u0131 Veri Ekibi 4.000 Kay\u0131p Kad\u0131n\u0131n Hikayesini Nas\u0131l Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kard\u0131?<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/gijn-org.translate.goog\/2021\/06\/03\/how-bellingcat-and-forensic-architecture-teamed-up-with-colombias-cerosetenta-to-map-police-violence\/?_x_tr_sl=en&amp;_x_tr_tl=tr&amp;_x_tr_hl=en&amp;_x_tr_pto=wapp\">Bellingcat ve Adli Mimarl\u0131k, Polis \u015eiddetini Haritalamak \u0130\u00e7in Kolombiyal\u0131 Cerosetenta ile Nas\u0131l Bir Tak\u0131m Olu\u015fturdu?<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n<p><em>Be\u015f veri gazetecisinden olu\u015fan\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><strong>From\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Above\u00a0<\/strong><em>ekibi (Kuzey ve G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019ya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f)\u00a0<\/em><em>, London School of Economics\u2019te bir medya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu olan<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/media-and-communications\/polis?from_serp%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a0POLIS\u00a0<\/a>taraf\u0131ndan 2020\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k bir\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/polis\/2021\/04\/28\/kicking-off-the-2021-journalismai-collab-in-the-americas-and-emea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gazetecilik Yapay Zeka i\u015fbirli\u011finin par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bir araya geldi.\u00a0<\/a><em>uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6zlem yoluyla iklim krizinde ve bilgisayarl\u0131 g\u00f6rme teknikleriyle deneyler yapt\u0131.\u00a0<\/em><em>Bu k\u0131lavuzu ve ilgili a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak prototipini (github\u2019da) daha derin raporlama i\u00e7in bir basamak olarak hizmet etmesi umuduyla yay\u0131nlad\u0131.\u00a0<\/em><em>Ekip \u00fcyeleri ve biyografik bilgilerine ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u00a0<\/em><em>\u00a0a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki\u00a0<\/em><em>\u00a0gibidir:\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/www.icij.org\/journalists\/maria-teresa-ronderos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CLIP\u2019ten Maria Teresa Ronderos<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0(Kolombiya\u2019da)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/twitter.com\/fcoel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">LaNacion\u2019dan Flor Coelho<\/a>\u00a0(Arjantin\u2019de)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/twitter.com\/mena_gibran\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Data Critica\u2019dan Gibran Mena<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0(Meksika\u2019da)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Bloomberg News\u2019den\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/twitter.com\/DavidIngold\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">David Ingold<\/a>\u00a0ve\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/translate.google.com\/website?sl=en&amp;tl=tr&amp;hl=en&amp;client=webapp&amp;u=https:\/\/twitter.com\/shreya_vaidy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shreya Vaidyanathan (ABD\u2019de)<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri, gezegenimizin durumu hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da etkileyici anlat\u0131lar yazma yetene\u011fini geli\u015ftirebilecek bilgiler sa\u011flar. Ancak b\u00f6yle bir ara\u00e7, karma\u015f\u0131k ve bir\u00e7ok gazeteci i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131lmaz olabiliyor.  Bu nedenle bu k\u0131lavuz, iklim krizini ele almakla ilgilenen muhabirlerin projeleri i\u00e7in kullanabilece\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 sunmakta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3031167,"featured_media":1121353,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"republication-tracker-tool-hide-widget":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"categories":[23206],"tags":[23345,27069,19980,27070,22826,22514],"gijn_topic":[18933],"series":[],"gijn_language":[17789],"gijn_region":[18919],"class_list":["post-550175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hikayeler","tag-ai-tr","tag-algoritma-tr","tag-bellingcat-tr","tag-google-earth-tr","tag-uydu-goruntuleri-tr","tag-yapay-zeka-tr","gijn_topic-arastirma-ipuclari-ve-araclar","gijn_language-tr-tr","gijn_region-afrika-tr"],"acf":[],"ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/550175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3031167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=550175"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/550175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2369541,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/550175\/revisions\/2369541"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1121353"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=550175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=550175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=550175"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_topic?post=550175"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=550175"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_language?post=550175"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_region?post=550175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}