{"id":524948,"date":"2022-05-25T05:51:21","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T09:51:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=524948"},"modified":"2024-01-25T09:31:31","modified_gmt":"2024-01-25T14:31:31","slug":"organize-suclari-ortaya-cikarmanin-anahtari-yontemleri-anlamaktan-geciyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/hikayeler\/organize-suclari-ortaya-cikarmanin-anahtari-yontemleri-anlamaktan-geciyor\/","title":{"rendered":"Organize Su\u00e7lar\u0131 Ortaya \u00c7\u0131karman\u0131n Anahtar\u0131, Y\u00f6ntemleri Anlamaktan Ge\u00e7iyor!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Organize Su\u00e7 ve Yolsuzluk Raporlama Projesi\u2019nin (OCCRP) kurucu orta\u011f\u0131\u00a0Paul Radu<\/a>\u2018ya g\u00f6re, organize su\u00e7un yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iyile\u015fti ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazetecilerin yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda haber yapmas\u0131na daha fazla olanak sundu.<\/p>\n

12. K\u00fcresel Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Gazetecilik Konferans\u0131<\/a>\u2018nda (#GIJC21<\/a>) \u201cYeni Organize Su\u00e7\u201d konulu oturumda konu\u015fan Radu, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin teknolojiden yararlanabildi\u011fini ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda me\u015fru i\u015fletmelerin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kopyalayabildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Radu, GIJN\u2019nin GIJC21 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yeni ba\u015flat\u0131lan\u00a0Organize Su\u00e7lar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya Y\u00f6nelik\u00a0<\/a>yeni rehberine katk\u0131da bulunan paneldeki \u00fc\u00e7 uzmandan biriydi.<\/p>\n

\u201cOrganize su\u00e7a bakarsan\u0131z, son on y\u0131lda k\u0131talar aras\u0131nda iyi organize olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Bazen geriye d\u00f6n\u00fcp 70\u2019lerde veya 60\u2019larda ba\u015flayan insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k a\u011flar\u0131na bak\u0131yoruz hala g\u00fc\u00e7leniyorlar. Bunun anlam\u0131, su\u00e7lular altyap\u0131y\u0131 uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca in\u015fa ederken, gazeteciler\u00a0 b\u00f6yle bir i\u015f birli\u011fine dayal\u0131\u00a0 habercili\u011fi yaln\u0131zca son 15 y\u0131lda halk\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten kar\u015f\u0131layacak \u015fekilde in\u015fa edebildi.\u201d<\/p>\n

OCCRP\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rneklerini aktaran Radu, gazetecilerin organize su\u00e7lular\u0131n eri\u015fimini ancak son be\u015f y\u0131lda anlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Demokrasileri baltalamaya ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki ya\u015famlar\u0131 etkilemeye devam eden bu yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 k\u00fcresel a\u011flar\u0131 y\u0131karken, gazetecilerin organize su\u00e7un sadece fiziksel de\u011fil dijital s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 da ge\u00e7ti\u011fini anlamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, bu su\u00e7 gruplar\u0131 kendilerini sadece bir veya iki yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyetle s\u0131n\u0131rlamamakta, geni\u015f bir su\u00e7 yelpazesini kaps\u0131yorlar. \u201c80\u2019lerde uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan uyu\u015fturucu tacirlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta kara para aklama i\u015fleriyle u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011fer su\u00e7 gruplar\u0131na hizmet sundu\u011funu g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Yani birbirleriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc su\u00e7u i\u015fleyen gruplar aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar var.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

“Su\u00e7 hizmetleri end\u00fcstrisini ve su\u00e7 ve yolsuzluk etraf\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm evreni anlamak ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6nemli.” \u2014 OCCRP’nin kurucu orta\u011f\u0131 Paul Radu<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

GIJN\u2019nin organize su\u00e7lar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma rehberinin\u00a0su\u00e7 finans\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0<\/a>yazan Radu, su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin art\u0131k \u201cmelek yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131\u201d oldu\u011funu belirtti. Bu, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyetlerini daha fazla k\u00e2r i\u00e7in finanse etmeye ba\u015flayan ya\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lulardan olu\u015fan bir grup. \u201cSu\u00e7 hizmetleri end\u00fcstrisini ve t\u00fcm evreni su\u00e7 ve yolsuzluk etraf\u0131nda anlamak ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6nemli\u201d<\/p>\n

Benzer \u015fekilde Quinto Elemento Lab\u2019\u0131n kurucu orta\u011f\u0131\u00a0Marcela Turati<\/a>, organize su\u00e7 gruplar\u0131n\u0131n ekonomiyi, do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 ve etki alanlar\u0131ndaki insanlar\u0131 kontrol etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Bu kontrol\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin insanlar\u0131 \u201ckaybolmaya\u201d y\u00f6neldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Yirmi y\u0131ld\u0131r anavatan\u0131 Meksika\u2019da kay\u0131p insanlar hakk\u0131nda haber yapan Turati,\u00a0organize su\u00e7lar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma rehberi i\u00e7in kaybolmalar<\/a>\u00a0\u00fczerine bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm yazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcvenlik kurumlar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkililerinin s\u0131kl\u0131kla su\u00e7 orta\u011f\u0131 olarak hareket etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Sonu\u00e7 olarak kaybolma vakalar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran gazeteciler bilgi toplama konusunda titiz olmal\u0131 ve kaynak olarak kime g\u00fcvendikleri konusunda dikkatli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Organize su\u00e7, insanlara do\u011frudan zarar veren faaliyetlerle de s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. \u00c7al\u0131nan sanat eserlerinin veya ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015f eserlerin ticareti yoluyla k\u00fclt\u00fcre kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar\u0131 da kapsayabilir.<\/p>\n

Hollanda\u2019daki Maastricht \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde do\u00e7ent olan\u00a0Donna Yates<\/a>, bu t\u00fcr nesnelerin yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 ticaretinin toplumsal zarara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc yok edebilece\u011fini belirterek, \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcrel nesnelerin ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131n\u0131n bin y\u0131ld\u0131r egemenlik ve kontrol\u00fcn bir i\u015fareti oldu\u011funu\u201d da s\u00f6zlerine ekledi.<\/p>\n

\u201cTarihi eserlerde karaborsa yoktur. Tarihi eserlerde beyaz pazar yoktur. Bir tarihi eser pazar\u0131 var ve bu gri bir pazar.\u201d -Maastricht \u00dcniversitesi Profes\u00f6r\u00fc Donna Yates<\/p>\n

GIJN rehberinin\u00a0tarihi eser ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn<\/a>\u00a0yazar\u0131 olan Yates, bu ticaretin etkisinin di\u011fer su\u00e7 faaliyetlerinden daha incelikli olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Sonu\u00e7 olarak bu su\u00e7lar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak konunun t\u00fcm karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in daha fazla inceleme gerektirir.<\/p>\n

\u201cA\u00e7\u0131k olmak gerekirse,\u201d diye devam etti, \u201ctarihi eserlerde karaborsa yoktur. Tarihi eserlerde beyaz pazar yoktur. Bir tarihi eser pazar\u0131 var ve bu gri bir pazar.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tarihi eser ticaretinin, miras nesnelerini \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun elinden al\u0131p az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n eline veren s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc bir sistem oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Her \u00fc\u00e7 konu\u015fmac\u0131 da sunumlar\u0131nda ortak temalara dikkat \u00e7ekti. Su\u00e7 finansman\u0131, tarihi eser ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve zorla kaybetmelerin t\u00fcm\u00fc dijital teknolojiden ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda su\u00e7 giri\u015fimlerini destekleyen bir dizi paravan \u015firket, kara para aklay\u0131c\u0131 ve komisyoncudan olu\u015fan su\u00e7 hizmetleri end\u00fcstrisinden yararlan\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemleri ve yap\u0131lar\u0131 anlamak, onlar\u0131 ve neden olduklar\u0131 zarar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GIJN’nin yeni organize su\u00e7lar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma rehberine katk\u0131da bulunan \u00fc\u00e7 uzman, su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin i\u015fleyi\u015f bi\u00e7imlerine ve gazetecilerin yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyetlerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi i\u015f birliklerini nas\u0131l uygulayabileceklerine dair i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fcler payla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3031167,"featured_media":467765,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"republication-tracker-tool-hide-widget":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"categories":[23206],"tags":[19683,19966,22298,19967,19968,19969],"gijn_topic":[18933],"series":[],"gijn_language":[17789],"gijn_region":[],"class_list":["post-524948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hikayeler","tag-arac-tr","tag-donna-yates-tr","tag-gijc21-tr","tag-marcela-turati-tr","tag-organize-suc-tr","tag-paul-radu-tr","gijn_topic-arastirma-ipuclari-ve-araclar","gijn_language-tr-tr"],"acf":[],"ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/524948","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3031167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=524948"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/524948\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1288232,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/524948\/revisions\/1288232"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/467765"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=524948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=524948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=524948"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_topic?post=524948"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=524948"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_language?post=524948"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_region?post=524948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}