{"id":522001,"date":"2022-03-28T03:55:44","date_gmt":"2022-03-28T07:55:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=522001"},"modified":"2023-09-05T14:55:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T18:55:06","slug":"arastirmaci-gazeteciler-icin-secim-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/hikayeler\/arastirmaci-gazeteciler-icin-secim-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Gazeteciler i\u00e7in Se\u00e7im Rehberi!"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a>Illustration: Marcelle Louw GIJN i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

GIJN\u2019in bu yeni rehberi 5 b\u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fck bir seri halinde yay\u0131na al\u0131nacakt\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm rehberi tan\u0131tan ve i\u00e7eri\u011fin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Gelecek hafta yay\u0131na al\u0131nacak ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcmde yeni se\u00e7im ara\u00e7lar\u0131 yer alacak.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya genelinde se\u00e7imler, dezenformasyon kampanyalar\u0131, d\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahale, se\u00e7menlerin bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131, artan otoriterlik, kampanyalarda ya\u015fanan yolsuzluklar, az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131ndan mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lma, \u015fiddet ve y\u0131ld\u0131rma gibi giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015fan tehditlerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya.<\/p>\n

Rehber ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazetecilerin se\u00e7ime haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u00e7lara, tekniklere ve kaynaklara eri\u015fmeleri i\u00e7in haz\u0131rland\u0131. Peki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde neler var?<\/p>\n

1.B\u00f6l\u00fcm: Yeni Se\u00e7im Verisi Kaz\u0131ma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong> D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen gazetecilerine ve se\u00e7im uzmanlar\u0131na, 2022 ve sonras\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imleri ara\u015ft\u0131ran muhabirler i\u00e7in en iyi yeni ara\u00e7 ve teknikleri sorduk. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, kendi grafikleriyle \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i se\u00e7im konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve dezenformasyonu izlemek i\u00e7in harika, \u00fccretsiz ara\u00e7lar\u0131 listeledik. Ayr\u0131ca, \u201cControl-F\u201d anahtar kelime arama komutlar\u0131ndan daha geli\u015fmi\u015f dijital beceriler gerektirmeyen, se\u00e7imle ilgili web sitelerinin arkas\u0131ndaki ki\u015fileri belirlemek i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a basit ba\u015fka bir ara\u00e7 da sunaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

2.B\u00f6l\u00fcm: Se\u00e7imlere Haz\u0131rl\u0131k<\/strong> Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, se\u00e7im kurallar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak ve olas\u0131 sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131 bulurken kendinizi, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve verilerinizi nas\u0131l g\u00fcvende tutaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in ara\u00e7lar ve kaynaklar listeleyece\u011fiz. Ayr\u0131ca, giderek daha pop\u00fcler hale gelen \u201cse\u00e7ilmi\u015f otokratlar\u0131n taktik kitab\u0131\u201d da dahil olmak \u00fczere, ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak se\u00e7im e\u011filimlerini listeleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

3.B\u00f6l\u00fcm: Adaylar\u0131n \u0130ncelenmesi<\/strong> Muhabirlerin politikac\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bilmediklerini varsayal\u0131m. Burada, adaylar\u0131n \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ge\u00e7mi\u015flerini, gizli varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten tan\u0131yan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ara\u00e7lar payla\u015f\u0131yoruz. A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 bir Brezilya vaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 kullanarak adaylar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri \u00fczerinde durum tespiti yapmak i\u00e7in bir metodoloji de payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

4.B\u00f6l\u00fcm: Se\u00e7im Konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130zleme ve Dezenformasyonun Arkas\u0131ndaki Su\u00e7lular<\/strong> Etkili se\u00e7im konu\u015fmalar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekte nerede yap\u0131l\u0131yor? Siyasi reklam ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi verenler kimlerdir ve bunlar nas\u0131l tespit edilebilir? Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6nemli politika sorunlar\u0131ndan tuhaf komplolara, se\u00e7imleri \u015fiddetle devirmeye kadar her \u015feyin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Telegram ve Twitter gibi platformlara girmek i\u00e7in ad\u0131m ad\u0131m y\u00f6ntemleri payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Dikkate Al\u0131nmas\u0131 Gereken Genel Se\u00e7im Stratejileri\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1-Yurtta\u015flar Arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Yerel \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve Veritabanlar\u0131n\u0131 Bulun.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uzmanlar ve GIJN \u00fcyesi haber odalar\u0131 se\u00e7im i\u00e7in veritabanlar\u0131 ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu belirtse de , \u00e7o\u011fu se\u00e7im s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6nemli bilgilerin insan kayna\u011f\u0131ndan geldi\u011fini belirtiyor. Buna kulaktan kula\u011fa aktar\u0131lan mesajlar, mahkeme kararlar\u0131 ve sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctleri uzmanlar\u0131, se\u00e7im uzmanlar\u0131, se\u00e7im kampanyalar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve daha \u00f6nemlisi demokrasiyi benimseyen sade vatanda\u015flar da dahil.<\/p>\n

ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen\u00a0Ulusal Demokratik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a>\u2018n\u00fcn se\u00e7im programlar\u0131 direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Pat Merloe, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndaki y\u00fczlerce tarafs\u0131z se\u00e7im izleme grubundan gazeteciler i\u00e7im \u00e7ok say\u0131da bilgi bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. NDI\u2019nin\u00a0\u00fclke baz\u0131nda veri taban\u0131<\/a>, 89 \u00fclkede 251 denetlenmi\u015f kurulu\u015fu i\u00e7eriyor. G\u00fcvenilir gruplar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z medya i\u00e7in yeterince kullan\u0131lmayan kaynaklardan oldu\u011funu ve en \u00f6nemlisi, muhabirleri kampanyalar ve destek\u00e7ilerin yasal uyumlulu\u011funu de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duyacaklar\u0131 g\u00fcncel yerel se\u00e7im kurallar\u0131na ve veri setlerine y\u00f6nlendirebilece\u011finizi s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00d6rnek olarak Merloe, Zambiya\u2019n\u0131n 2021 cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara se\u00e7imlerine 1.108 g\u00f6zlemci yerle\u015ftiren Zambiya H\u0131ristiyan Kiliseleri \u0130zleme Grubu\u2019nu (CCMG) ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki Gen\u00e7 Avukatlar \u0130ttifak\u0131 ve\u00a0ISFED<\/a>\u2018i (Uluslararas\u0131 Adil Se\u00e7imler Derne\u011fi) g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

\u201cBaz\u0131lar\u0131 se\u00e7im \u015fiddetine bak\u0131yor olabilir; baz\u0131lar\u0131 dezenformasyona bak\u0131yor olabilir;\u00a0 se\u00e7men listelerinin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, oy verme merkezleri, se\u00e7im g\u00fcn\u00fcnde dikkat edilmesi gereken 10 \u015fey.\u201d diyor Merloe.<\/p>\n

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2-Yoksa Bile \u00dclkenizde Demokrasi Varm\u0131\u015f Gibi Haber Yap\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Halihaz\u0131rda otoriter y\u00f6netimin pen\u00e7esinde olan \u00fclkelerde se\u00e7imleri takip etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir genel\u00a0strateji m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funda \u00fclkenin i\u015fleyen bir demokrasisi varm\u0131\u015f gibi haber yap\u0131lmal\u0131<\/a>. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle: muhtemelen tutuklamalar, i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karmalar veya kay\u0131tl\u0131 oylama de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ile sonu\u00e7lanmayacak olan kampanya yolsuzluk hikayelerini bile takip edin, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 edit\u00f6r\u00a0Lina Attalah<\/a>\u2018\u0131n i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibi, bu yakla\u015f\u0131m otosans\u00fcr\u00fc \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur ve \u00e7\u0131tay\u0131 y\u00fcksek tutar yani se\u00e7menlerin kamu eti\u011fine ili\u015fkin beklentilerinde \u00e7\u0131tay\u0131 y\u00fcksek tutar.<\/p>\n

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3. Se\u00e7imin\u00a0 kirli hilelerine dair kitle kaynakl\u0131 kan\u0131tlar.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dclkenizdeki se\u00e7im tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda WhatsApp gibi kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k olmayan mesajla\u015fma platformlar\u0131 hakimse\u00a0 \u00f6zellikle G\u00fcney Afrika veya Latin Amerika\u2019dan\u00a0 uzmanlar, haber odalar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0Google Voice uygulamas\u0131<\/a>\u00a0arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bir WhatsApp sat\u0131r numaras\u0131 yay\u0131nlamas\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye ediyor. Ard\u0131ndan, kitleleri herhangi bir yanl\u0131\u015f se\u00e7im iddias\u0131n\u0131, se\u00e7men kayd\u0131 kirli numaralar\u0131n\u0131 veya kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k yanl\u0131s\u0131 korkutma hareketlerini bildirmeleri i\u00e7in bu kayna\u011f\u0131 kullanman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neriyor. Dahas\u0131, uzmanlar, rakip haber odalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 ihbar hatt\u0131 numaras\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131, birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak anti-demokratik suistimalleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan kayna\u011f\u0131na kadar takip etmesini tavsiye ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bu teknik, yerle\u015fik demokrasiler i\u00e7in, \u00f6zellikle de dezenformasyon robot \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemlidir. Se\u00e7menler i\u00e7in ek vergi incelemesini yanl\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde tehdit eden veya az\u0131nl\u0131klara se\u00e7im g\u00fcn\u00fcnden sonraki g\u00fcn oy kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye eden \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lardan sorumlu olanlar\u0131n izini s\u00fcrmek<\/a>, \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, muhabirlerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 en zorlu teknik sorunlardan biri olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ancak uzmanlar, bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lardan elde edilen kitle kaynakl\u0131 verilerin ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in en iyi yer oldu\u011fu konusunda hemfikir.<\/p>\n

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4. Basit Boolean Google aramalar\u0131n\u0131 deneyin ve tekrarlay\u0131n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Geli\u015fmi\u015f Boolean arama y\u00f6ntemleri<\/a>\u00a0ve \u201cGoogle dorks<\/a>\u201c, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i aramalar\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olan verileri daraltmak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ara\u00e7lard\u0131r. GIJN\u2019nin bu k\u0131lavuz i\u00e7in uzmanlarla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00f6portajlardan \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 ise dijital aramalar\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar basit, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve deneme yan\u0131lma e\u011filiminde oldu\u011fu.. Asl\u0131nda, geli\u015fmi\u015f a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 istihbarat becerilerine nadiren ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazeteci ve New York \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin\u00a0Demokrasi i\u00e7in Siber G\u00fcvenlik projesi d<\/a>an\u0131\u015fman\u0131 olan\u00a0Nancy Watzman<\/a>\u2018\u0131n se\u00e7menleri y\u0131ld\u0131rma planlar\u0131 i\u00e7in Google\u2019da arama yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izledik ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman, yaln\u0131zca alternatif, dikkatlice d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f anahtar kelimelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hepimizin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131 Google arama \u00e7ubu\u011fundaki VE ve VEYA temel terimleri var.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte Watzman\u2019\u0131n dijital muhabirinin defterinden yap\u0131lan\u00a0basit Google aramalar\u0131na<\/a>\u00a0bir \u00f6rnek. 2021\u2019de ABD Kongre Binas\u0131ndaki 6 Ocak isyan\u0131ndan sonra, Ba\u015fkan Joe Biden\u2019\u0131n 20 Ocak\u2019ta g\u00f6reve ba\u015flamas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet tehditlerini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in bir dizi e\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015f terim kulland\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cvatansever\u201d VE (\u201cmar\u015f\u201d VEYA \u201cmiting\u201d VEYA \u201c 20 ocak\u201d VEYA \u201c20 Ocak\u201d VEYA \u201chileli se\u00e7im\u201d VEYA \u201cashli babbit\u201d VEYA \u201cf\u0131rt\u0131na\u201d VEYA \u201csermaye\u201d VEYA \u201cba\u015fkent\u201d) \u201ca\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u201d VE (\u201cmar\u015f\u201d VEYA \u201ctoplanma\u201d VEYA \u201cf\u0131rt\u0131na\u201d VEYA \u201cdoland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k\u201d \u201d).<\/p>\n

Watzman, Google\u2019\u0131n kendisinin se\u00e7im ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131\u00a0 i\u00e7in son derece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Arama motorunun ve ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ki\u015filerin y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme e\u011filiminde olursak ve denemeye devam edersek sonu\u00e7 al\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n

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5. Se\u00e7men beklentilerini y\u00f6netin.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazetecilerin\u00a0 rol\u00fc yaln\u0131zca se\u00e7imlerde hesap verebilirli\u011fi ve yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7ermemeli, ayn\u0131 zamanda bildirilen ger\u00e7eklerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini ve se\u00e7imlerin me\u015frulu\u011funu vurgulayan etkili kamu hizmeti gazetecili\u011fini de i\u00e7ermelidir. Bu, sahte sahtekarl\u0131k iddialar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koymak, haber odas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fini te\u015fvik etmek ve normal gecikmeler ve se\u00e7im say\u0131lar\u0131ndaki tipik hatalar i\u00e7in se\u00e7men beklentilerini belirlemek i\u00e7in\u00a0Flourish\u00a0<\/a>gibi m\u00fckemmel a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 ara\u00e7larla birlikte g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirmeleri de i\u00e7erir. Uzmanlar ayr\u0131ca, siyasi olarak kutupla\u015fm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde medyan\u0131n g\u00fcvenini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in\u00a0 \u201cNeden yapt\u0131k\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da\u00a0 tavsiye ediyor.\u00a0Trusting News<\/a>\u2018in m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131\u00a0Lynn Walsh<\/a>, muhabirlerin \u201cBunu neden\/nas\u0131l yapt\u0131k\u201d kutular\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazetecilik haberlerinin g\u00f6vdesine belirgin bir \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fini ve muhabir taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan samimi, birinci \u015fah\u0131s video klip a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

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RISE Moldova Vaka \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Se\u00e7im Kapsam\u0131nda Bir Metodoloji<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcvenilir k\u00fcresel ve yerel veritabanlar\u0131, yeni sorular\u0131 tetiklemek, ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 bulmak ve ger\u00e7ekleri kontrol etmek i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel kaynaklard\u0131r. Bu k\u0131lavuzun sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde birka\u00e7 yararl\u0131 veri setini payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, bir GIJN \u00fcyesi ve\u00a0Organize Su\u00e7 ve Yolsuzluk Raporlama Projesi\u2019nin (OCCRP)<\/a>\u00a0Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00fcyesi olan RISE Moldova ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015funun Rus\u00e7a edit\u00f6r\u00fc Vladimir Thorik, se\u00e7im suistimallerine\u00a0 ili\u015fkin \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck haberin insan kaynaklar\u0131 veya s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131larla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor. Ve veri taban\u0131 madencili\u011fi, sosyal medya aramalar\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bir kombinasyonu ile sona erer bu durum.<\/p>\n

2020\u2019de Thorik ve ekibinin \u201cKremlinovici<\/a>\u201d soru\u015fturmas\u0131 tam da b\u00f6yle bir yol izledi. Olay, RISE Moldova\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nceki kapsaml\u0131 se\u00e7im ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na sayg\u0131 duyan isimsiz bir kaynaktan gelen bir s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bu ilk s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131, geli\u015fmi\u015f kaynaklarla yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler takip etti ve Chernov Ar\u015fivleri olarak bilinen bir veri taban\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca\u00a0Rus Dosya Merkezi\u00a0<\/a>ile ortak haberle\u015ftirme\u00a0 yoluyla do\u011fruland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu kapsaml\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 sayesinde, RISE Moldova, Moldova\u2019n\u0131n o zamanki cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n yeniden se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 ile Rus istihbarat servisleri aras\u0131ndaki yak\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 ve koordinasyonu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Buna ek olarak, se\u00e7im yasalar\u0131n\u0131n ihlallerini belgeledi, cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n ailesi ile Rus \u015firketleri aras\u0131nda\u00a0\u00e7e\u015fitli ticari ba\u011flant\u0131lar buldu<\/a>\u00a0ve cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve iktidar partisi genel merkezine gelen sekiz\u00a0gizemli ziyaret\u00e7iyi<\/a>\u00a0Kremlin\u2019den g\u00f6nderilen \u201cse\u00e7im teknolojisi dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131\u201d olarak belirledi. RISE Moldova, baz\u0131 yerel konu\u015fmalar\u0131n ve kampanya sloganlar\u0131n\u0131n gizli bir Rus d\u0131\u015f etki biriminde\u00a0nas\u0131l haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bile<\/a>\u00a0g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Thorik\u2019in serisi, se\u00e7im kep\u00e7eleri i\u00e7in izlenecek faydal\u0131 bir vaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 temsil ediyor. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n

-Kampanyalar, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ve kolluk kuvvetleri etraf\u0131nda insan kaynaklar\u0131 geli\u015ftirin.<\/p>\n

-Sosyal medyay\u0131 ve\u00a0OpenCorporates\u00a0<\/a>ve\u00a0Aleph\u00a0<\/a>gibi veritabanlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak adaylar\u0131n finansal ve politik ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. RISE Moldova, Rus kaynaklar\u0131ndan s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lan Chernov Ar\u015fivleri veritaban\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

-Bu durumda kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan i\u015faretlenen Rus m\u00fcdahalesi gibi se\u00e7im tehditlerini belirleyin ve aktif olarak anti-demokratik sald\u0131r\u0131 belirtileri aray\u0131n.<\/p>\n

-Tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde cesur siyasi habercilik\u00a0 ile ihbarc\u0131lardan s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ekin ve belgeler i\u00e7in\u00a0Protonmail\u00a0<\/a>ve ileti\u015fim i\u00e7in\u00a0Signal\u00a0<\/a>gibi \u015fifreli kanallar\u0131 kullanarak ihbarc\u0131lara daha fazla g\u00fcven sunun.<\/p>\n

-Ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z eylemin tetikledi\u011fi siyasi konu\u015fmalar\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f bilgileri ve olas\u0131 etkileri \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in\u00a0sosyal medya arama ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131<\/a>\u00a0kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n

-Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sorunlar\u00a0 hakk\u0131nda daha iyi kaynaklara veya daha derin i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fclere sahip haber odalar\u0131 ve k\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen kurulu\u015flarla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yap\u0131n. RISE Moldova, yabanc\u0131 se\u00e7imleri etkilemekten sorumlu Kremlin departman\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Rus Dosya Merkezi ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Se\u00e7im kurallar\u0131 konusunda kendinizi e\u011fitin \u2013 Moldova yasalar\u0131 ve bu durumda Merkez Se\u00e7im Komisyonu \u2013 ve olas\u0131 kural ihlallerini kontrol edin.<\/p>\n

-Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapmak i\u00e7in sokaklara \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n ve mitinglerde ve halka a\u00e7\u0131k etkinliklerde kampanyalara yak\u0131n olas\u0131 i\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 not edin\u00a0 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler, a\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar ve kampanya foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 dahil ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Daha sonra analiz i\u00e7in kampanya personeli ile etkile\u015fime giren tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z y\u00fczlerin foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekin.<\/p>\n

-Kahramanlar\u0131 belirlemek ve izlemek i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131n. Thorik\u2019in ekibi, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki \u201cse\u00e7im dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131\u201d belirlemek i\u00e7in\u00a0PimEye<\/a>s ve\u00a0Findclone\u00a0<\/a>gibi ara\u00e7lar kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

-Bu g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanman\u0131n se\u00e7imi nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini veya benzer taktiklerin di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde \u00f6nceki se\u00e7imleri nas\u0131l bozdu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in uzmanlar\u0131 ve veri analizi yapanlar\u0131 dahil edin.<\/p>\n

Thorik, \u201cBir se\u00e7imde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir if\u015fa i\u00e7in, herhangi bir veritaban\u0131nda bulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z, yani iyi yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f insan kaynaklar\u0131 veya s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen birincil bilgilere ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var\u201d diye a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. \u201cFakat ger\u00e7ekleri kontrol etmek ve daha fazla kazmak i\u00e7in bu veritabanlar\u0131na ve bireyleri s\u0131f\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in ara\u00e7lara ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var.\u201d \u00d6rne\u011fin, Thorik\u2019in ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk ipucu, Moldova\u2019n\u0131n o zamanki ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n stratejik ileti\u015fim i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan RISE Moldova ekibinin hedefli \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i aramalar\u0131na rehberlik eden \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 \u201cKremlinovici\u201dyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ancak s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lan materyaller gazetecilerin eline nas\u0131l ge\u00e7meli? Thorik, \u201cS\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n ki\u015fisel aktar\u0131m\u0131 iyi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc dijital bir izi ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131yor\u201d diyor. \u201cAncak, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u015fahsen de\u011fil, bir arac\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla alman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011frudan temas kayna\u011f\u0131 tehlikeye atabilir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Thorik\u2019in soru\u015fturmas\u0131, Rusya yanl\u0131s\u0131 bir aday ad\u0131na endi\u015fe verici yabanc\u0131 m\u00fcdahaleyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131n Merkez Se\u00e7im Komisyonu\u2019na kaydolmamalar\u0131 nedeniyle Moldova yasalar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini de kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, Rus tavsiyesinin ard\u0131ndan g\u00f6revdeki komutan\u0131n kampanya taktiklerinin nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Not: Muhabirlerin se\u00e7imleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek harika bir yeni ara\u00e7 veya veritaban\u0131 biliyorsan\u0131z, l\u00fctfen bunu bizimle hello@gijn.org adresinden payla\u015f\u0131n. Bir sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fcz olan \u201cB\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: Yeni Se\u00e7im-Kazma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131\u201d da dahil olmak \u00fczere bu Se\u00e7im K\u0131lavuzunun sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini tekrar kontrol etti\u011finizden emin olun.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu yeni GIJN k\u0131lavuzu, 2022’de d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00fclkede planlanan kilit se\u00e7imlerle birlikte, bek\u00e7i muhabirlerinin hemen hemen her kampanya, aday veya se\u00e7im suistimalini incelemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u00e7lar, teknikler ve kaynaklar sunmak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3031167,"featured_media":506675,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"republication-tracker-tool-hide-widget":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"categories":[23206],"tags":[19684,19867],"gijn_topic":[],"series":[],"gijn_language":[17789],"gijn_region":[],"class_list":["post-522001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hikayeler","tag-arastirmaci-gazetecilik-tr","tag-secim-rehberi-tr","gijn_language-tr-tr"],"acf":[],"ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522001","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3031167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=522001"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522001\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1223293,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522001\/revisions\/1223293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/506675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=522001"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=522001"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=522001"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_topic?post=522001"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=522001"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_language?post=522001"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_region?post=522001"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}