{"id":2480804,"date":"2025-06-28T05:57:03","date_gmt":"2025-06-28T09:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=2480804"},"modified":"2025-09-01T06:04:48","modified_gmt":"2025-09-01T10:04:48","slug":"verilerden-hikaye-anlatimina-financial-timesdan-john-burn-murdochtan-konsept-ve-tasarim-ipuclari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/hikayeler\/verilerden-hikaye-anlatimina-financial-timesdan-john-burn-murdochtan-konsept-ve-tasarim-ipuclari\/","title":{"rendered":"Verilerden Hikaye Anlat\u0131m\u0131na: Financial Times&#8217;dan John Burn-Murdoch&#8217;tan Konsept ve Tasar\u0131m \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Veri gazetecili\u011fi camias\u0131nda aktif olun ya da olmay\u0131n, muhtemelen John Burn-Murdoch ismine rastlam\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r veya en az\u0131ndan Financial Times&#8217;\u0131n an\u0131nda tan\u0131nan somon pembesi grafiklerinden birinin yan\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mi\u015fsinizdir.<\/p>\n<p>Gazetenin ba\u015f veri muhabiri ve k\u00f6\u015fe yazar\u0131 Burn-Murdoch, &#8220;grafikler fikirleri de\u011fi\u015ftirir&#8221; iddias\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yal\u0131n, ancak bu ikna edicili\u011fe ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in veri, tasar\u0131m ve kelimeler aras\u0131nda do\u011fru dengeyi kurman\u0131z gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u0130statistiksel analizi nas\u0131l \u00f6zenle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f grafiklere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve \u00fcretken yapay zekan\u0131n neden\u00a0hen\u00fcz &#8220;g\u00f6rev karma\u015fas\u0131&#8221; yaratan i\u015flerimizi ele ge\u00e7irmedi\u011fi veya baz\u0131 futbol kul\u00fcplerinin neden\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/471b5eba-2a71-4650-a019-e8d4065b78a0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki<\/a>\u00a0zaferlerini yeniden yakalayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/b242eee2-941b-43ba-8bb8-4c24f5614038\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gibi<\/a>\u00a0konular\u0131 nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturdu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in haftal\u0131k FT k\u00f6\u015fesi\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/data-points\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Data Points&#8217;e g\u00f6z atman\u0131z yeterli.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 inceledi\u011finizde bir \u015fey a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: her grafik bir hikaye anlat\u0131yor. Veri g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme platformu Flourish ile birlikte d\u00fczenledi\u011fi bir web seminerinde Burn-Murdoch, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 veri gazetecili\u011finin g\u00fczel bir g\u00f6rsel veya salt veri sunumundan olu\u015fan bir tuvalden ibaret olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hedef kitlenin bir grafi\u011fi nas\u0131l t\u00fcketti\u011fini takdir etmek ve bir mesaj iletmek i\u00e7in grafi\u011fi nas\u0131l uyarlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmekle ilgili oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Web seminerini, en az\u0131ndan bu alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in, varolu\u015fsal bir soru olan &#8220;Neden grafik olu\u015fturuyoruz?&#8221; sorusuyla a\u00e7an Burn-Murdoch, grafiklerin tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir metin hikayesinden daha i\u00e7sel ve sezgisel olarak g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015feye dokundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ise grafiklerin di\u011fer medya t\u00fcrlerinden daha iyi ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/17457289.2018.1465061\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2018 tarihli<\/a>\u00a0bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, insanlar\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma gibi tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 konulara farkl\u0131 formatlarda sunuldu\u011funda nas\u0131l tepki verdiklerini test etti: ortalama k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda basit bir c\u00fcmle, istatistik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 bir paragraf ve bir grafik. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine \u015f\u00fcpheyle yakla\u015fan gruplar aras\u0131nda, ayn\u0131 verileri metin formatlar\u0131yla sunan grafikler, fikirleri etkilemede daha ikna ediciydi.<\/p>\n<p>Burn-Murdoch, &#8220;Verileri grafik bi\u00e7iminde sunmak, ayn\u0131 bilgiyi metin olarak sunmaktan daha ikna edici ve daha etkili g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor,&#8221; diye belirtti. &#8220;Bir grafik olu\u015fturdu\u011fumuzda, insanlar\u0131n \u00f6nceden var olan inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 metnin zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ortadan kald\u0131rabilece\u011fimiz inan\u0131lmaz ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir arac\u0131m\u0131z var.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Peki, bir grafi\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 k\u0131lan nedir? \u0130\u015fte web seminerinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak d\u00f6rt ders.<\/p>\n<h4><b>Minimalizm Her Zaman En \u0130yisi De\u011fildir<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Grafiklerin minimalist ilkelere ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki yayg\u0131n inan\u0131\u015fa ra\u011fmen, az\u0131n \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu her zaman do\u011fru de\u011fildir. ABD&#8217;li akademisyen Edward Tufte gibi veri g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme uzmanlar\u0131, totolojiye ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 tasar\u0131mlara kar\u015f\u0131 uyar\u0131da bulunurken, Burn-Murdoch &#8220;insanlar\u0131n hikaye anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sevdi\u011fini&#8221; s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 minimalist grafiklerin okuyucuda yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rmada veya ba\u011f kurmada ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2480805\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"727\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik.png 2090w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik-336x171.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik-771x392.png 771w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik-768x390.png 768w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik-1536x780.png 1536w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grafik-2048x1041.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Burn-Murdoch, farkl\u0131 miktarda ve farkl\u0131 metin yerle\u015fimlerine sahip d\u00f6rt t\u00fcr grafi\u011fe y\u00f6nelik kamuoyu tepkilerini test eden bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya at\u0131fta bulunarak (biri yaln\u0131zca veri ve eksenler, di\u011feri yaln\u0131zca bir paragraf metin, ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve hafif\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 bir grafik ve tamamen a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir grafik) minimalist grafiklerin en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck puan\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Nitekim kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar, daha ilgi \u00e7ekici oldu\u011fu ve verileri daha iyi anlamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in iyi yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, \u00e7ok say\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klama i\u00e7eren grafikleri tercih ettiler; \u00f6rne\u011fin, metin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izgi grafi\u011finin belirli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in oklar kullanmak gibi. En ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 versiyon, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir anlat\u0131m ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve birden fazla a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama i\u00e7eren grafikti.<\/p>\n<p>Burn-Murdoch, &#8220;Neye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, yani daha b\u00fcy\u00fck resmi g\u00f6rmeyi seviyoruz; sonra da neler olup bitti\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in kendi ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7ok fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z gereken bir \u015feyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmaktansa,&#8221; dedi. &#8220;Ortalama bir insan i\u00e7in tutarl\u0131 bir bulgu, metinsel a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fudur.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Burn-Murdoch, teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan sa\u011flam bir \u015fey yapman\u0131n iyi bir grafik i\u00e7in temel ta\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu, ancak bunun sadece ilk ad\u0131m oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. &#8220;Grafik olu\u015ftururken ileti\u015fim eylemine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a odaklanma fikri olan hikaye anlat\u0131m\u0131 son derece \u00f6nemli ve teknik tarafa odaklanan bir\u00e7ok kaynakta yeterince de\u011fer g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebilirim.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zet: Anlat\u0131ml\u0131 bir ba\u015fl\u0131k i\u015fe yarar. Biraz metin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 \u00e7ok i\u015fe yarar. Minimalist grafikler veri uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir, ancak daha geni\u015f kitleleri yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n<h4>Metin Okuyucular\u0131n Hat\u0131rlamas\u0131na Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Olur<\/h4>\n<p>\u0130nsanlar bir grafik okurken g\u00f6zleri nereye gidiyor? Burn-Murdoch taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nt\u0131lanan bir ba\u015fka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, insanlar\u0131n ekrandaki grafiklerle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurdu\u011funu incelemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6z izleme teknolojisi kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, insanlar\u0131n bir grafik okurken genellikle &#8220;Z&#8221; \u015feklini takip ettiklerini ortaya koydu: \u00f6nce ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa bak\u0131yorlar, sonra grafi\u011fin eksenlerine ve son olarak da ger\u00e7ek verilere ge\u00e7iyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lanlara, ekranda g\u00f6sterilen bir grafi\u011fin ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlayabildikleri soruldu. Bulgular aras\u0131nda \u015funlar vard\u0131: Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, grafikteki ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 hat\u0131rlayabildi ve bu da metnin okuyucular\u0131n hat\u0131rlamas\u0131na nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n<p>Burn-Murdoch, &#8220;\u0130nsanlar\u0131n dikkatinin ilk olarak metinlere y\u00f6neldi\u011fini&#8221; s\u00f6yledi. &#8220;E\u011fer bunu kullanm\u0131yorsak, ger\u00e7ekten bir f\u0131rsat\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131yoruz.&#8221; Ayn\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, resimler, bayraklar ve ilgili g\u00f6rseller gibi g\u00f6rsel \u00f6\u011felerin okuyucular\u0131n dikkatini da\u011f\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak genellikle bir grafi\u011fin mesaj\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in &#8220;ek bir dayanak noktas\u0131&#8221; g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rerek onlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fini de ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zetle; ba\u015fl\u0131klar, a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ve etiketler \u00f6nemlidir ve izleyicilerin hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feyler genellikle bunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><b>Renk Kontrast\u0131 Sizi \u00c7eker \u2014 Ama Dikkat Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 Olabilir<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Burn-Murdoch i\u00e7in grafiklerdeki renkler, metin se\u00e7imleri kadar \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130nsan beyninin g\u00f6rsel bilgileri nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in Colin Ware&#8217;in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/shop.elsevier.com\/books\/visual-thinking-for-design\/ware\/978-0-12-370896-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;Tasar\u0131m \u0130\u00e7in G\u00f6rsel D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0kitab\u0131ndan yararlanan Burn-Murdoch, g\u00f6zlerimizin renk, \u015fekil, boyut ve hareket gibi dikkat \u00f6ncesi veya anl\u0131k \u00f6zellikleri nas\u0131l alg\u0131layacak \u015fekilde programland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman fark\u0131na bile varmadan an\u0131nda alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Evrimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan, ister biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fekil ister tuhaf bir renk olsun, fark\u0131 fark edecek \u015fekilde programlanm\u0131\u015f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pd-1-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2480851\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pd-1-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"721\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pd-1-1.png 1536w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pd-1-1-336x176.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pd-1-1-771x405.png 771w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pd-1-1-768x403.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 721px) 100vw, 721px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bir grafikte bu, gri \u00e7izgiler denizinde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bir \u00e7izginin hemen g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Ancak her \u00e7izgi farkl\u0131 renkteyse, hi\u00e7bir \u015fey g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaz. Renk kontrastlar\u0131, dikkati y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekten g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Pratikte bu, kullan\u0131lan renk paletleri konusunda bilin\u00e7li olmak anlam\u0131na gelir; g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirmenin arka plan rengine kadar. G\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 renklerinden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak daha iyidir; bunun yerine veri gazetecileri, daha az \u00f6nemli bilgileri daha yumu\u015fak bir tonda grupland\u0131r\u0131rken, daha \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 veya z\u0131t bir renk kullanarak ilgili verilere dikkat \u00e7ekmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha geni\u015f bir a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Burn-Murdoch bir grafik tasarlaman\u0131n, ki\u015finin dikkatini bir anlat\u0131 boyunca y\u00f6nlendirmekle ilgili oldu\u011funu vurguluyor. &#8220;Bir grafik olu\u015ftururken, yaln\u0131zca bir t\u00fcr matematiksel g\u00f6rev veya tasar\u0131m g\u00f6revi yapm\u0131yoruz, birine bir \u015fey iletmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Bunu yapmak i\u00e7in, bir grafikle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda birinin dikkatinin nereye gidece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek i\u00e7in &#8220;Z&#8221; \u015fekliyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3pd-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2480943 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3pd-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"813\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3pd-2.png 1536w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3pd-2-336x178.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3pd-2-771x408.png 771w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/3pd-2-768x407.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fl\u0131ktan ba\u015flay\u0131p eksenler boyunca a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru ilerleyerek verilerin kendisine ula\u015facak. &#8220;Bu ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok emek ve zaman harcad\u0131m,&#8221; diye belirtti. &#8220;Ayr\u0131ca, birinin dikkatini bu grafikte do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in tasar\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yapabilece\u011fim her \u015feyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6rsel hikaye anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n dekorasyonla ilgili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, amaca y\u00f6nelik tasarlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor. Renk konusunda en \u00f6nemli \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131 ne mi? &#8220;Dikkat da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 unsurlar\u0131 en aza indirin. Kontrast\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h4><b>Grafikler Sadece Veri \u0130nsanlar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in De\u011fildir<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Herkes grafikleri sezgisel bulmaz ve bir grafik tasar\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 veya veri g\u00f6rselle\u015ftiricisi olarak son kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 benimsemek \u00f6nemlidir. Burn-Murdoch&#8217;un dedi\u011fi gibi: &#8220;Benim gibi grafik olu\u015fturmaya, grafiklere bakmaya sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z miktarda zaman harcayan tuhaf tipler var&#8230; ama bunun do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 milyonlarca insan var.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte tam bu noktada metin, a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ve \u00f6zenli tasar\u0131m devreye giriyor. Grafikler, sadece basitle\u015ftirerek de\u011fil, netlik katarak daha geni\u015f kitleler i\u00e7in daha anlaml\u0131 hale geliyor. Burn-Murdoch, bunun bir hikaye anlatan stratejik tasar\u0131mla ilgili oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtiyor. Bir grafik olu\u015fturman\u0131n teknik s\u00fcreci ile ger\u00e7ekte nas\u0131l deneyimlendi\u011fi aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131m yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Analistler ondal\u0131k basamaklar ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 do\u011fruluk konusunda endi\u015feli olsalar da, \u00e7o\u011fu izleyici bir hikaye ar\u0131yor. &#8220;\u0130nsanlar genellikle bir b\u00fcy\u00fcte\u00e7le \u00e7ok \u00e7ok ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bakmaz ve grafi\u011finizdeki \u00e7izginin 4,81&#8217;de mi yoksa 4,82&#8217;de mi oldu\u011funu anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmazlar.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Bunun yerine, insanlar anlam bulmak i\u00e7in grafikleri tar\u0131yorlar. \u015eunu bilmek istiyorlar: Bu bana ne g\u00f6steriyor? Neden \u00f6nemli? \u0130\u015fte bu nedenle, veri yap\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flam oldu\u011funda, Burn-Murdoch tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 &#8220;ger\u00e7ekten bu hikaye anlatma g\u00f6revine odaklanmaya&#8221; te\u015fvik ediyor&#8230; bu asl\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n grafikleri nas\u0131l t\u00fcketti\u011fine dair \u00e7ok daha ho\u015f bir benzetme.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6nemli \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m \u015fu: &#8220;Harika grafik olu\u015fturma kesinlikle matematik ve sanat\u0131 da i\u00e7erir, ancak ileti\u015fimciler olarak i\u015fimizi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca iyi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan emin olmak i\u00e7in bunu bir hikaye anlat\u0131m\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz gerekir&#8221; diyor Burn-Murdoch.<\/p>\n<h4><b>COVID-19 Vaka \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Bir Veri Par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 Hikayeye D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek<\/b><\/h4>\n<p>Bu ilkelerin \u00e7o\u011funu \u00f6rneklemek i\u00e7in Burn-Murdoch, COVID-19 pandemisinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda, Mart 2020 ba\u015flar\u0131nda tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir tabloyu yeniden ele ald\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde, \u0130talya ve Do\u011fu Asya&#8217;daki h\u0131zla artan vaka haberlerinin etkisiyle, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn gidi\u015fat\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki kamuoyu belirsizli\u011fi art\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Bir meslekta\u015f\u0131m, o d\u00f6nemde Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n en \u00e7ok etkilenen yerlerinden biri olan \u0130talya ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu sormak i\u00e7in Burn-Murdoch&#8217;a e-posta g\u00f6nderdi. Grafi\u011fin ilk versiyonu teknik olarak bu soruyu yan\u0131tlad\u0131. Veri g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme arac\u0131 ggplot2 kullan\u0131larak R dilinde olu\u015fturulan grafik, her \u00fclkenin 100. do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f vakas\u0131ndan bu yana ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 x ekseninde, k\u00fcm\u00fclatif vaka say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ise y ekseninde g\u00f6steriyordu.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Bu grafik teknik olarak bu soruyu yan\u0131tl\u0131yor&#8230; ama bunun milyonlarca insanda ger\u00e7ekten yank\u0131 uyand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum&#8221; dedi.<\/p>\n<p>Grafikte yap\u0131lan sonraki de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ayn\u0131 verileri bir hikayeyi anlatan bir tasar\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Ba\u015fl\u0131k art\u0131k buna cevap veriyor,&#8221; dedi sa\u011fdaki grafi\u011fin daha dinamik ve a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla. &#8220;Bize bu \u00fclkelerin \u00e7o\u011funun asl\u0131nda ayn\u0131 yolda oldu\u011funu, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ise yay\u0131lmay\u0131 yava\u015flatmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>S\u0131rada efsane problemi vard\u0131. \u0130lk versiyonda, okuyucular\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak renk kodlu bir efsane ile grafikteki \u00e7izgiler aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmas\u0131 gerekiyordu.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Birinden efsane ile sat\u0131rlar aras\u0131nda gidip gelmesini istiyorsunuz,&#8221; dedi. B\u00f6ylece etiketleri do\u011frudan sat\u0131rlara ta\u015f\u0131yarak, okuyucular\u0131n her sat\u0131r\u0131n hangi \u00fclkeyi temsil etti\u011fini an\u0131nda g\u00f6rmelerini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Ard\u0131ndan stratejik renk kullan\u0131m\u0131 geldi. Do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerini maviyle grupland\u0131rd\u0131, \u0130talya&#8217;y\u0131 siyahla g\u00f6sterdi ve \u0130ngiltere ile ABD&#8217;yi di\u011fer g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tonlarla vurgulad\u0131. \u0130kincil \u00fclkeler griye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Veri g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirmesi ile mesaj aras\u0131ndaki e\u015fle\u015fmeyi giderek daha yak\u0131n hale getiriyoruz,&#8221; diye a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131, &#8220;b\u00f6ylece giderek daha az kafa yormaya gerek kal\u0131yor.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Son olarak, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn her iki g\u00fcnde bir ikiye katlanma e\u011filimini g\u00f6steren bir \u00e7izgi i\u00e7eren a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ve kilit \u00fclkelerdeki politika kararlar\u0131na veya d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131na i\u015faret eden a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 notlar ekledi. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, temel verilerde veya yap\u0131da hi\u00e7bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Burn-Murdoch, &#8220;Bu grafi\u011fin temel geometrisi&#8230; hi\u00e7biri de\u011fi\u015fmedi,&#8221; dedi. &#8220;Ancak metne, renge, etiketlere ve a\u00e7\u0131klamalara odaklanarak bu grafi\u011fi bir ileti\u015fim arac\u0131 olarak \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015ftirdik.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7: &#8220;Sadece grafik insanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in grafik yapmay\u0131n. Herkes i\u00e7in hikayeler yarat\u0131n.&#8221;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em><b><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hanna-Dugal-e1631811409765-140x140-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1462711 size-full image--small\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hanna-Dugal-e1631811409765-140x140-1.jpg\" alt=\"Hanna Duggal\" width=\"140\" height=\"140\" \/><\/a><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/hannaduggal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Hanna Duggal,<\/b><\/a>\u00a0Al Jazeera&#8217;n\u0131n veri, g\u00f6rsel hikaye anlat\u0131m\u0131 ve deneyler ekibi olan\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AJLabs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0AJ Labs&#8217;ta<\/a>\u00a0veri gazetecisi<a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/investigating-tiktok-in-russia-versus-ukraine-gijn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/investigating-tiktok-in-russia-versus-ukraine-gijn\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1749721631563000&amp;usg=AOvVaw05GmnHrN28GQDeu8ftosl3\">\u00a0ve GIJN&#8217;e katk\u0131da bulunan bir isimdir. Polislik, g\u00f6zetleme ve protestolar gibi konularda veri kullanarak haber yapm\u0131\u015f ve GIJN i\u00e7in Orta Do\u011fu&#8217;da veri gazetecili\u011fi, TikTok&#8217;ta\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/mena-focus-middle-eastern-data-journalism-accountability\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/mena-focus-middle-eastern-data-journalism-accountability\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1749721631563000&amp;usg=AOvVaw16mhUGkeyHLsACNSLr6_al\">algoritmalar\u0131n incelenmesi ve\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/digging-us-profits-lands-native-reservations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/digging-us-profits-lands-native-reservations\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1749721631563000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2QJCfhdWcU39gZUm53UZET\">ABD&#8217;deki kabile topraklar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda veri\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/mena-focus-middle-eastern-data-journalism-accountability\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/gijn.org\/stories\/mena-focus-middle-eastern-data-journalism-accountability\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1749721631563000&amp;usg=AOvVaw16mhUGkeyHLsACNSLr6_al\">kullan\u0131m\u0131 konular\u0131nda<\/a>\u00a0haberler yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r .\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Veri gazetecili\u011fi camias\u0131nda aktif olun ya da olmay\u0131n, muhtemelen John Burn-Murdoch ismine rastlam\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r veya en az\u0131ndan Financial Times&#8217;\u0131n an\u0131nda tan\u0131nan somon pembesi grafiklerinden birinin yan\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mi\u015fsinizdir. Gazetenin ba\u015f veri muhabiri ve k\u00f6\u015fe yazar\u0131 Burn-Murdoch, &#8220;grafikler fikirleri de\u011fi\u015ftirir&#8221; iddias\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yal\u0131n, ancak bu ikna edicili\u011fe ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in veri, tasar\u0131m ve kelimeler aras\u0131nda do\u011fru dengeyi kurman\u0131z gerekti\u011fini [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3031167,"featured_media":2413199,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"republication-tracker-tool-hide-widget":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"categories":[23206],"tags":[19690,19956],"gijn_topic":[18925],"series":[],"gijn_language":[],"gijn_region":[],"class_list":["post-2480804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hikayeler","tag-veri-gazeteciligi-tr","tag-veri-gorsellestirme-tr","gijn_topic-veri-gazeteciligi"],"acf":[],"ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2480804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3031167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2480804"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2480804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2480970,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2480804\/revisions\/2480970"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2413199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2480804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2480804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2480804"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_topic?post=2480804"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=2480804"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_language?post=2480804"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_region?post=2480804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}