{"id":1536674,"date":"2024-04-15T09:08:53","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T13:08:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=1536674"},"modified":"2025-03-13T04:38:11","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T08:38:11","slug":"paravan-sirketleri-gizli-sahipleriyle-iliskilendirmek-icin-ipuclari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/kaynak\/paravan-sirketleri-gizli-sahipleriyle-iliskilendirmek-icin-ipuclari\/","title":{"rendered":"Paravan \u015eirketleri Gizli Sahipleriyle \u0130li\u015fkilendirmek i\u00e7in \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazeteciler i\u00e7in paravan \u015firketlerin ve tr\u00f6stlerin ger\u00e7ek sahiplerini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak bazen UFO&#8217;lara y\u00f6nelik aramalar kadar zor ve \u201cbulan\u0131k\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Ancak bu karma\u015f\u0131k alana yeni girenlere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek ara\u00e7lar var. Gazetecilere, halk\u0131n bilmesi gereken varl\u0131klar\u0131 gizlemek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7aba sarf eden ki\u015filere ait k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 takip etmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ara\u00e7lar var.<\/p>\n<aside>K\u0131smen gizlenmi\u015f olsa da, paravan \u015firketler her zaman \u015firketle\u015fmek i\u00e7in evrak i\u015flerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar.<\/aside>\n<p>Paravan \u015firketler asl\u0131nda herhangi bir i\u015f yapmayan ancak genellikle yasal \u015firketler i\u00e7in yasal vergiden ka\u00e7\u0131nma gibi stratejik nedenlerle ve ayr\u0131ca gayrime\u015fru veya yapt\u0131r\u0131ma tabi i\u015fletmeleri ger\u00e7ekten kontrol eden bireylerin <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.occrp.org\/en\/the-pandora-papers\/is-your-neighbor-a-shell-company\">kimliklerini ve varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gizlemek i\u00e7in kurulan \u015firketlerdir.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Paravan \u015firketleri ve bunlar\u0131n nihai menfaat sahiplerini (UBO&#8217;lar) ara\u015ft\u0131rmak, <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icij.org\/\">Uluslararas\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Gazeteciler Konsorsiyumu (ICIJ)<\/a> ve <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.occrp.org\">Organize Su\u00e7 ve Yolsuzluk Raporlama Projesi (OCCRP)<\/a> gibi a\u011flar taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilen \u00f6zel bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131d\u0131r. Kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ileri teknikler, banka transfer rotalar\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesinden, ertelenmi\u015f kurumsal kovu\u015fturma anla\u015fmalar\u0131na kadar birka\u00e7 kitab\u0131 doldurabilir.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ire.org\/training\/conferences\/nicar-2024\/\">2024 NICAR veri gazetecili\u011fi zirvesinde<\/a> sunum yapan ICIJ veri ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/karrie-kehoe-99304936\/?originalSubdomain=ie\">Karrie Kehoe<\/a>, hemen her muhabirin karanl\u0131k bir imparatorlu\u011fun tepesindeki ki\u015fiyi ve onun deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 takip etmek i\u00e7in deneyebilece\u011fi birka\u00e7 ipucu, ara\u00e7 ve ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olabilece\u011fini payla\u015ft\u0131. Kehoe kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ncelikle kendilerine \u015fu sorular\u0131 sormaya davet etti: Paravan \u015firketler i\u00e7in doldurulmas\u0131 gereken evraklarda hangi kelimeler ge\u00e7ebilir? Daha sonra da bu kelimelerin kurumsal kay\u0131tlarda ve veri tabanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilecek olas\u0131 varyasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 denemeye davet etti. \u00d6rne\u011fin, <em>Ian<\/em> gibi bir y\u00f6neticinin veya sahibin ad\u0131 \u201c<em>Iain<\/em>\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir mi?<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1536858\" style=\"width: 273px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Ksrrie-Kehoe-NICAR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1536858\" class=\"wp-image-1536858 \" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Ksrrie-Kehoe-NICAR.png\" alt=\"Kerrie Kehoe, ICIJ'de veri ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131. G\u00f6rsel: ICIJ\" width=\"263\" height=\"304\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1536858\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kerrie Kehoe, ICIJ&#8217;de veri ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131. G\u00f6rsel: ICIJ<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Genellikle \u0130ngiliz Virgin Adalar\u0131, Panama, K\u0131br\u0131s veya Cayman Adalar\u0131 gibi gizlilik sa\u011flayan b\u00f6lgelerde k\u0131smen gizlenmi\u015f olsa da, paravan \u015firketler her zaman \u015firketle\u015fmek i\u00e7in evrak i\u015flerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Kehoe ayr\u0131ca gazetecileri, \u201cKurulu\u015f temsilcileri\u201d olarak da bilinen bu formlar\u0131 doldurmak i\u00e7in genellikle para alan ki\u015filer hakk\u0131nda dikkatlice d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye davet ediyor. Bu ki\u015filerin g\u00f6revi, zengin m\u00fc\u015fteriler i\u00e7in 14 ABD dolar\u0131 gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fclke kay\u0131t \u00fccretleri sunabilen yasal \u015firketler kurmakt\u0131r. Kurulu\u015f temsilcileri, ekstra \u00fccretler kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fterilere banka hesaplar\u0131, \u201csaman adam\u201d y\u00f6netici isimleri ve sekreterlik hizmetleri de sa\u011flayabilir. Ancak bu formlarda yer alan resmi bir i\u015f adresi, en az\u0131ndan baz\u0131 y\u00f6neticilerin ger\u00e7ek isimleri ve i\u015fin niteli\u011fiyle ilgili belgeler gibi temel unsurlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelemezler.<\/p>\n<p>2021&#8217;de bir Orta Do\u011fu kral\u0131n\u0131n yabanc\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran Kehoe ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n vergi cennetlerindeki paravan \u015firketler a\u011f\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0130ngiltere ve ABD&#8217;de gizlice 14 l\u00fcks eve sahip oldu\u011funu buldu. Ard\u0131ndan, gizli m\u00fc\u015fterinin ev adresinin <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.occrp.org\/en\/29leaks\/what-is-a-company-formation-agent\">info ajanslar\u0131n<\/a> kay\u0131t belgelerinde <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/pandora-papers\/jordan-king-abdullah-luxury-property\/\">\u201ckraliyet saray\u0131\u201d olarak listelenmesi de onay niteli\u011findeydi.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201cAraman\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bulabilece\u011finiz y\u00f6netici veya sahip isimlerinden ziyade, her zaman nihai ger\u00e7ek sahibi arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131\u201d unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>Kehoe, \u201cHollanda&#8217;da oturuyor olabilirsiniz ve sipari\u015finizi \u00f6rne\u011fin Hong Kong&#8217;daki bir olu\u015fum temsilcisine g\u00f6nderirsiniz ve o da sizin i\u00e7in Cook Adalar\u0131, Singapur ve di\u011fer yerlerde paravanlar kurmaya ba\u015flar\u201d diyerek olas\u0131 bir senaryoyu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. \u201cOradan sekreterlik hizmetleri, sizin i\u00e7in bir adres ve saman adamlar ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, fig\u00fcranlar sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Biri 100 \u015firketin y\u00f6neticisi olarak listelenebilir ve bu ki\u015fi Azerbaycan&#8217;da bir taksi \u015fof\u00f6r\u00fc olabilir. Kendisinin bu i\u015fle hi\u00e7bir ilgisi de olmayabilir, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir miktar para al\u0131rlar ve bazen akrabalar\u0131 ya da tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 ki\u015filer olabilir bunlar, bazen de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde silahland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar bu isimleri. Ama o olu\u015fum info ajans\u0131n\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu bir organ, bir yap\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.occrp.org\/en\/asset-tracker\/faq-whats-a-proxy-using-relatives-shell-companies-and-other-stand-ins-to-hide-illicit-wealth\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazeteci Will Neal&#8217;\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce OCCRP&#8217;de a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi<\/a>, paravan \u015firketler insanlar\u0131n servetlerini gizlemek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli \u201cvekalet\u201d y\u00f6ntemlerinden birini temsil etmektedir. Bu konuda daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in, <a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/resource\/researching-corporations-and-their-owners\/\">GIJN&#8217;in Almanya&#8217;dan Hong Kong&#8217;a kadar \u00fclkelere \u00f6zg\u00fc kay\u0131tlara ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7eren \u015eirketleri ve Sahiplerini Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131na bakabilirsiniz.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte Kehoe&#8217;nin NICAR24&#8217;te payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/\">OpenCorporates<\/a>&#8216;te \u015firket veya ki\u015fi ad\u0131 aramas\u0131yla ba\u015flay\u0131n.<\/strong> 140&#8217;tan fazla devlet sicilindeki \u015firket kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan yararlanan OpenCorporates, muhabirlerin sevdi\u011fi geni\u015f ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir veri taban\u0131. Kehoe, \u201cYapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m ilk \u015fey bu harika, aranabilir veri taban\u0131na gitme, burada 220 milyondan fazla \u015firket listeleniyor,\u201d diye a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u201cBaz\u0131 yetki alanlar\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7in harika, baz\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inse zor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0130rlanda paravan \u015firketleri i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir yere gitmeniz gerekir. E\u011fer \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u015firkete bakmak istiyorsan\u0131z, API eri\u015fimleri de var.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1536885\" style=\"width: 781px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sirket-bilgileri_acik_veri_tabani.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1536885\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1536885\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sirket-bilgileri_acik_veri_tabani.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"771\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sirket-bilgileri_acik_veri_tabani.png 771w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sirket-bilgileri_acik_veri_tabani-336x176.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sirket-bilgileri_acik_veri_tabani-768x403.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1536885\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">OpenCorporates, 140&#8217;tan fazla devlet sicilindeki \u015firket kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan yararlanan geni\u015f ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir veritaban\u0131d\u0131r. Resim: Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, OpenCorporates.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>A\u00e7\u0131k kaynak ara\u00e7lar i\u015fe yaramaz ise kurumsal veritaban\u0131 aboneli\u011fi almay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/strong> Kehoe, OpenCorporates veritaban\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir sonu\u00e7 elde edemeyen ancak \u00fccretli <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sayari.com\/financial-crime\/\">Sayari<\/a>\u00a0 platformunda basit bir isim aramas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir profil elde eden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir paravan \u015firket ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Yapt\u0131r\u0131m listelerini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bayrak simgeleri ve listelenen y\u00f6neticilerle ili\u015fkili \u00fclkeleri g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in ulusal bayraklar dahil g\u00f6rebiliyorsunuz. \u201cBu her zaman kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir veritaban\u0131, abonelik tabanl\u0131 ancak baz\u0131 \u00fccretsiz denemeleri de var\u201d dedi. \u201c<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/login.bvdinfo.com\/R0\/Orbis\">Orbis<\/a> ve <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dowjones.com\/professional\/factiva\/?LS=Search&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_source=google&amp;utm_campaign=AMER-US[EN]_GGL-Brand[GEN]-FA-Factiva_MT-Exact&amp;CID=7015Y000004FylCQAS&amp;utm_term=factiva_(e)&amp;utm_content=&amp;gad_source=1&amp;gclid=Cj0KCQjwwYSwBhDcARIsAOyL0fgmrbfqHGsRhTB984bRyKqKWwdwTOH8U7-c0br0U8gHvRNeG311DH4aAsXEEALw_wcB\">Factiva<\/a> gibi ba\u015fka harika \u00fccretli kurumsal veri tabanlar\u0131 da var.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kendinizi milyarderlerin ve oligarklar\u0131n yerine koyun.<\/strong> Kehoe, oligarklar\u0131n ve UBO&#8217;lar\u0131n egolar\u0131na hitap eden yerler ve ilgi alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in veritaban\u0131 ve kay\u0131t aramalar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Kehoe, \u201cS\u00fcper varl\u0131kl\u0131 insanlarla ilgili olan \u015fey, \u00e7ok \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir olmalar\u0131d\u0131r ve e\u011fer bir milyarderseniz, sat\u0131n alabilece\u011finiz \u00e7ok fazla \u015fey vard\u0131r. Genellikle Londra&#8217;da ve G\u00fcney Fransa&#8217;da l\u00fcks m\u00fclkler isterler, mega yatlar, jetler, sanat eserleri ve spor tak\u0131mlar\u0131 isterler.\u201d Kehoe, belirli\u00a0 b\u00f6lgelerindeki en zengin mahalleleri tespit etmenin ve ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n, gizli varl\u0131klar i\u00e7in aramalar\u0131 daraltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<aside>Evrak i\u015fleri gizlilikte delikler a\u00e7ar, bu y\u00fczden de\u00e7meye devam edin.<\/aside>\n<p><a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/offshoreleaks.icij.org\/\"><strong>ICIJ Offshore Leaks Veritaban\u0131ndaki incelenmi\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rma verilerini kullan\u0131n.<\/strong><\/a> Bir\u00e7ok muhabir, 200 \u00fclkedeki 810.000 offshore \u015firket, vak\u0131f ve tr\u00f6st hakk\u0131nda incelenmi\u015f bilgiler i\u00e7eren geni\u015f, aranabilir Offshore Leaks veritaban\u0131n\u0131n, herhangi bir yerdeki herhangi bir muhabirin kullanmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgelerindeki yeni hikayeleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fccretsiz olarak mevcut oldu\u011funun fark\u0131nda de\u011fil. \u201cL\u00fctfen kullan\u0131n\u201d diyor. \u201cT\u00fcm bu verilerin i\u00e7inde daha fazla hikaye oldu\u011funu biliyoruz ve muhabirlerin bunlar\u0131 bulmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyoruz.\u201d ICIJ taraf\u0131ndan derlenen veri taban\u0131, Panama Belgeleri, Pandora Belgeleri, Bahamalar S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve Cennet Belgeleri projeleri gibi gizli offshore varl\u0131klar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n gizli sahiplerine y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nceki s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar ve i\u015f birli\u011fine dayal\u0131 soru\u015fturmalardan olu\u015fturulmu\u015f. \u201cArama kutusuna sadece adresleri ya da ki\u015fi veya \u015firket isimlerini yazabilirsiniz,\u201d diye a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. Muhabirler ayr\u0131ca aramalar\u0131n\u0131 farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere ve yasa \/yetki alanlar\u0131na odaklanan b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 soru\u015fturmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re filtreleyebilirler, \u00f6rne\u011fin Pandora Papers i\u00e7in bir filtre, Panama Papers&#8217;tan daha fazla Asya verisini getirecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Kehoe bir uyar\u0131 notu ekledi: \u201cBir ki\u015finin ad\u0131n\u0131n bu veri taban\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 onun su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu ya da herhangi bir yanl\u0131\u015f davran\u0131\u015fla ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. Sadece bir offshore b\u00f6lgesinde listelendikleri anlam\u0131na gelir.\u201d (Bu veritaban\u0131nda <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icij.org\/investigations\/pandora-papers\/how-to-take-your-offshore-leaks-database-searches-to-the-next-level\/\">geli\u015fmi\u015f arama teknikleri i\u00e7in ICIJ&#8217;in e\u011fitim videosu<\/a> serisine bak\u0131n\u0131z).<\/p>\n<p><strong>OCCRP&#8217;nin paray\u0131 takip et ar\u015fivinde potansiyel su\u00e7 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faretleyin.<\/strong> OCCRP&#8217;nin <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/aleph.occrp.org\/\">Aleph veri taban\u0131nda<\/a> 141 \u00fclkede 439 milyon kamu kurulu\u015fu hakk\u0131nda bilgi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kehoe, \u201cAyr\u0131ca ilgili ki\u015fi veri setleri ve gazeteleri de var\u201d dedi. \u201cGazeteler Avrupa&#8217;da \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor e\u011fer bir \u015firket [\u015firket kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan] \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131rsa, bir gazetede listelenmesi gerekiyor.\u201d (Limited \u015firketler genellikle mevzuata uyumsuzluk nedeniyle resmi kay\u0131tlardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r veya ticaret yapmalar\u0131 yasaklan\u0131r). Ek olarak,\u00a0 \u201c(Aleph) ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ok say\u0131da mahkeme kayd\u0131na sahiptir ve bu da bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclkede ABD&#8217;deki <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pacer.uscourts.gov\/\">Pacer<\/a> gibi bir mahkeme kay\u0131tlar\u0131 arac\u0131 yok.\u201dnotunu da payla\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1536913\" style=\"width: 781px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ALEPH.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1536913\" class=\"wp-image-1536913 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ALEPH.png\" alt=\"OCCRP'nin Aleph veritaban\u0131 141 \u00fclkede 439 milyon kamu kurulu\u015fu hakk\u0131nda bilgi i\u00e7eriyor. Resim: Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, OCCRP Aleph\" width=\"771\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ALEPH.png 771w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ALEPH-336x173.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ALEPH-768x394.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1536913\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">OCCRP&#8217;nin Aleph veritaban\u0131 141 \u00fclkede 439 milyon kamu kurulu\u015fu hakk\u0131nda bilgi i\u00e7eriyor. Resim: Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, OCCRP Aleph<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Farkl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 deneyin ve Google Haritalar ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. <\/strong>\u0130rlanda&#8217;daki kendi memleketden bir ismi \u00f6rnek kullanarak, D\u00fan Laoghaire&#8217;deki ki\u015fileri veya varl\u0131klar\u0131 arayan muhabirlerin \u201cD\u00fan Laoire\u201d ve \u201cDunleary\u201d gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 da denemeleri gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. \u201cYerler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar denerseniz, neyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131za \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z\u201d dedi. \u201cS\u0131zan veriler bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 dilden geliyor, bu nedenle Rusya&#8217;da bir adres bulmak istiyorsan\u0131z &#8220;sokak&#8221; kelimesini girmenin bir anlam\u0131 yok. Google Maps&#8217;e gitmenizi ve bu durumda Kiril alfabesiyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ifadeyi al\u0131p bu ifadenin \u0130ngilizce \u00e7evirisini veri tabanlar\u0131n\u0131n arama alan\u0131na koyman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm.\u201d Daha da \u00f6nemlisi: \u015eirket kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda listelenen y\u00f6neticilerin isimleri i\u00e7in alternatif yaz\u0131mlar kullan\u0131n. Bu, \u201cAnn\u201d ve \u201cAnne\u201d gibi geleneksel alternatifleri denemek kadar basit olabilir. Kehoe, \u201cAncak \u00f6zellikle Rus\u00e7a isimlere bakarken yaz\u0131mlar\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131kla de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini unutmay\u0131n; \u2018i \u2019ler \u2018y \u2019ye, \u2018x \u2019ler \u2018ks \u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openstreetmap.org\/#map=4\/38.01\/-95.84\">OpenStreetMap<\/a>&#8216;te buldu\u011funuz adresleri girin ve listelenen adresin bekledi\u011finiz gibi bir malikane mi yoksa ba\u015fka bir sahte paravana i\u015faret edebilecek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ofis veya daire mi oldu\u011funu kontrol edin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Di\u011fer \u00fccretsiz portallarda buldu\u011funuz \u201ck\u00fcl\u00e7eleri\u201d \u00e7apraz olarak aray\u0131n<\/strong>. Kehoe, gizli s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi i\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 aramak i\u00e7in di\u011fer yararl\u0131, \u00fccretsiz kaynaklar olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki siteleri \u00f6nerdi: <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openownership.org\/en\/\">Open Ownership<\/a>, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k merkezli <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/collections\/register-of-overseas-entities#:~:text=Overseas%20entities%20who%20want%20to,owners%20or%20managing%20officers%20are.\">Register of Overseas Entities<\/a> ve <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ted.europa.eu\/en\/news\/welcome-to-the-new-ted\">Tenders Electronic Daily<\/a> (TED). Kehoe, \u201cTED harika! 27 AB \u00fcye \u00fclkesi i\u00e7in kamu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini i\u00e7eriyor ve uzun bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe dayan\u0131yor ancak bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 dili bir arada bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in biraz zorlay\u0131c\u0131 olabiliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130pucu:<\/strong> Veri setlerinde ve \u015firket kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda \u015firket y\u00f6neticisi olarak listelenen isimlerle ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z oligark veya UBO&#8217;nun toplum foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rsel olarak aray\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Oligark varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in aile ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 arac\u0131n\u0131 deneyin.<\/strong> Kehoe, \u201cRus oligarklar paravan \u015firketlerin d\u00fcnyadaki ustalar\u0131d\u0131r, bunu 1990&#8217;lardan beri yap\u0131yorlar ve muhabirler her zaman onlara\u00a0 yeti\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opensanctions.org\/\">Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ilk \u015fey, yapt\u0131r\u0131ma tabi olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmektir.<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Kehoe, Rusya, Belarus ve Kazakistan&#8217;da binlerce \u201csiyasi olarak a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi\u201d ve yapt\u0131r\u0131ma maruz kalm\u0131\u015f ki\u015finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bu ki\u015filerin akrabalar\u0131 ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerle olan ili\u015fkilerinin profilini \u00e7\u0131karan <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/rupep.org\/en\/\">RuPEP<\/a> adl\u0131 bir web sitesini \u00f6nerdi. \u201cBu t\u00fcr veri tabanlar\u0131 genellikle size yeni bilgi k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 verir ancak ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in harika bir yerdir. Burada pek \u00e7ok oligark\u0131n profili var ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma inan\u0131lmaz,\u201d diyor Kehoe. \u201cSize aile \u00fcyelerini de veriyor ki bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc mal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu aile \u00fcyelerinin \u00fczerine.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Evrak i\u015fleri gizlilikte delikler a\u00e7ar, bu y\u00fczden de\u00e7meye devam edin.<\/strong>\u201cNihai intifa hakk\u0131 sahipleri, kendilerini incelemeden uzak tutmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kurulu\u015f temsilcilerine ger\u00e7ekten g\u00fcveniyor ve onlarla pek \u00e7ok \u015fey payla\u015f\u0131yor. Ve b\u00f6ylece, bir yerlerde, pasaportlar\u0131n\u0131n veya elektrik faturalar\u0131n\u0131n bir taramas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderiyorlar ve ev adresleri genellikle bu \u015fekilde s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131larda ve veritabanlar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/336x336-staff-profile-photo-Rowan-Philp.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1398708 alignleft image--small\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/336x336-staff-profile-photo-Rowan-Philp.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/336x336-staff-profile-photo-Rowan-Philp.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/336x336-staff-profile-photo-Rowan-Philp-140x140.png 140w\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/staff-member\/rowan-philp\/\">Rowan Philp<\/a>, GIJN\u2019in k\u0131demli muhabiridir. Kendisi daha \u00f6nce G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019daki Sunday Times gazetesinin ba\u015f muhabiriydi. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda iki d\u00fczineden fazla \u00fclkeden haberler, siyaset, yolsuzluk ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar hakk\u0131nda haber yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2024 NICAR konferans\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen bir panelde, ICIJ veri ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Karrie Kehoe, paravan \u015firketlerin ger\u00e7ek sahiplerini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir dizi ipucu payla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3031167,"featured_media":1536728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"republication-tracker-tool-hide-widget":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"categories":[23206,23204,23200],"tags":[24670,24675,24672,24673,24674,24671,24669],"gijn_topic":[18933],"series":[],"gijn_language":[],"gijn_region":[],"class_list":["post-1536674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hikayeler","category-ipucu-sayfasi","category-kaynak","tag-mali-suclar","tag-nicar-2024-tr","tag-offshore-sirketleri-arastirmak","tag-offshore-varliklar","tag-paravan-sirketler","tag-parayi-takip-et","tag-yolsuzluk-veritabanlari","gijn_topic-arastirma-ipuclari-ve-araclar"],"acf":[],"ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1536674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3031167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1536674"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1536674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2124833,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1536674\/revisions\/2124833"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1536728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1536674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1536674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1536674"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_topic?post=1536674"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=1536674"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_language?post=1536674"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_region?post=1536674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}