{"id":516924,"date":"2022-05-13T16:03:20","date_gmt":"2022-05-13T20:03:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=516924"},"modified":"2025-07-09T11:39:27","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T15:39:27","slug":"10-%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%ad%d9%81%d9%8a%d9%91-%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af\/10-%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%ad%d9%81%d9%8a%d9%91-%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91\/","title":{"rendered":"10 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651 “\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632” \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

“\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632<\/span><\/a>“<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0650 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629 Bellingcat. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/a>\u0651\u0629<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a GIJN \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u062a “\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632” \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

1 – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u0647\u0645<\/b><\/p>\n

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2 – \u0623\u0631\u0652\u0634\u064e\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/b><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 [\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629] \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u064d \u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 <\/span>\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Google Drive \u0633\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635\u0651 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064e \u0643\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Google \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

3 – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632: \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a <\/span>\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0642\u0635\u0629\u064d \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a Bellingcat \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0650 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0652 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0650\u0631\u062a\u0652 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0652 \u062d\u0631\u0628\u0650 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0651\u064f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064e \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0630\u0644\u0643 <\/span>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u0650 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4 – \u0627\u062d\u0645\u0650 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0643<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632:\u00a0 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064c \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u063a\u0632\u0648\u0650 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a Bellingcat \u0647\u0648 <\/span>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629\u064c \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/a> \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629\u064f \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0634\u0642\u0651\u0629\u0650 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629\u0650 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u0652 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u00a0 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u0650 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

5 – \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0650 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u064b \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632:\u00a0 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0651\u0650\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645\u061b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f\u0650 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

6 – \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632: \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u064c \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0651\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629\u0650 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0652 Bellingcat \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644 (\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a “\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0639\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621”<\/span><\/a>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621\u064d \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0650\u0639\u062a\u0652 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064d \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0652 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0651\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u0651\u0628\u064d \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0637\u0629\u0647\u0630\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0650\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

7 – \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632: \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 (deepfake) \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2014 [\u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645] \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631(reversed imagery)<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064c \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0652 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064e \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629\u064d \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0648\u0635\u0652\u0641\u064e \u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u064f \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 90\u066a \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651 [\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621] \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062d\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

8 – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/b><\/p>\n

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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0652\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064f \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628” (noise) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629\u0650 \u0634\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a (grain) \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062d\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064e \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

9 – \u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0652 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0652 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u060c <\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 – \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 – \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

10 – \u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0652 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632: \u0627\u0628\u062a\u064f\u0630\u0644\u062a\u0652 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0650 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a Bellingcat. \u0646\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u064f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a Bellingcat: \u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/b>\"\"<\/a>\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648<\/a><\/i><\/b> \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a GIJN. \u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0652 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0652 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 La Naci\u00f3n \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0652 \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/i>Slate<\/span><\/i> \u0648<\/span><\/i>Lib\u00e9ration<\/span><\/i>\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633 \u0622\u064a\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 <\/span><\/i>Le Figaro<\/span><\/i> \u0648<\/span><\/i>Mediapart<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n



<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632” \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0650 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629 Bellingcat. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a GIJN \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u062a “\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632” \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3031114,"featured_media":1131105,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"republication-tracker-tool-hide-widget":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"categories":[23062,23056],"tags":[24930,20023,22868,26927,26283,26928],"gijn_topic":[18525],"series":[17772],"gijn_language":[17785],"gijn_region":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-516924","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-23062","8":"category-23056","9":"tag-investigative-journalism-ar","10":"tag----ar","11":"tag---ar","15":"gijn_topic-18525","16":"series-arabic-ar","17":"gijn_language-ar-ar"},"acf":[],"ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516924","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3031114"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=516924"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516924\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2369416,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516924\/revisions\/2369416"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1131105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=516924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=516924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=516924"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_topic?post=516924"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=516924"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_language?post=516924"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_region?post=516924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}