{"id":342425,"date":"2021-06-07T14:24:45","date_gmt":"2021-06-07T18:24:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=342425"},"modified":"2025-07-15T07:10:37","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T11:10:37","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%ab%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%a7-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%86%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/%d9%82%d8%b5%d8%b5\/%d8%a7%d8%ab%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%a7-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%86%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u062b\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 “Black Lives Matter” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0639\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0652 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 “\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/a>“<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 17 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f 15 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062d \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0634\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0646\u060c <\/span>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u062c\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643”\u060c<\/span><\/a>\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u064c \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u063129 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 <\/span>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631” <\/span><\/a>\u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062c\u0651\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645: “\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0627 \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627”. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a <\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 WUWM\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629:<\/span><\/a> “\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a – \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 – \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.\u00a0\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0652 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629.”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u0646\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0643<\/span><\/a> \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646”<\/span>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 <\/span>“<\/span>Nukta Africa<\/span>“<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/span><\/a>\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0631\u064f\u0651\u0643. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646”.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646” \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631”\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f “\u062f\u0648\u0633\u0646” \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0652 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0650 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u062f\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u0646 NICAR21<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a NICAR21<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 – \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u00a0 “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646” <\/span><\/a>– \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u062a “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631” \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 “\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 <\/span>\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>“<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u00a0 <\/span>WNPR<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0648”<\/span>\u0622\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a<\/span><\/a>“<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 WBUR \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u062b\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a – \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631”: “\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645. \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a” \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a”: “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0651\u0644\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627. “\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 [\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a] \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f.”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u064e \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u064b \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u064d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a “\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631”: “\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064e \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0651\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0652 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0643. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. <\/b>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644”: “\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0645 250 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 1000 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0647. “\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0650 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f”<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644<\/b> TwoTone<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u062a.<\/b> “\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u062c\u064a\u062f. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064e \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064e \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0630\u0643\u0631 “\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644”<\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/a>\u064b\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u2014 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/b>. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u062c” \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 – \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Amazon<\/span> Polly<\/span><\/a>\u060c\u00a0 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0Megaphone<\/span><\/a>\u00a0microcas\u060c\u0648 <\/span>Python scripts<\/span><\/a>– \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/span> \u00a0\u00a0\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0624\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a WBUR \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. <\/b>\u0646\u0635\u062d “\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u0644” \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629: “<\/span>Sound Reporting: The NPR Guide to Audio Journalism and Production<\/span><\/a>” \u0644\u0640”\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0646”.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/b> “\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629”<\/span><\/a> (Follow That PAge)<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629.<\/b> “\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 URL \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 IRE\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0643: “\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u061f”<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629. <\/b>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644” \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a – \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. “\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0643 – \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u064e \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0650\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639”.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0640”\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645”\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.\u00a0<\/b>“\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0646. \u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647”.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648. <\/b>“\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651” \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 “\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644”. “\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a. \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <\/span>Google Sheets<\/span>\u060c\u00a0 <\/span>Flourish<\/span><\/a>\u060c <\/span>Datawrapper<\/span><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u00a0 <\/span>Tableau<\/span><\/a>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a. <\/b>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a”: “\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064f \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0638\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0623\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 “.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. <\/b>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u063a”: “\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u064a\u0642\u0651\u0638 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0651\u0638 \u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a. \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f.”<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. <\/b>“\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061f” \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631”. “\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0648: \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0643 .. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 <\/span>\u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0643.”<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. <\/b>\u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631” \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 “\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0643\u064a”\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 “\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0643\u064a” \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a “\u0645\u0648\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631” \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 –<\/span>ProximityOne<\/span><\/a>– \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a. “\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 “\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644” \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 “\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a” \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a NICAR \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u064c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0644”\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 “\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644”.” \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0628 “\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629\u064d \u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0627: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

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 <\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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