{"id":284256,"date":"2020-11-17T12:09:06","date_gmt":"2020-11-17T17:09:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=284256"},"modified":"2025-08-11T05:51:10","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T09:51:10","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%91%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/%d9%82%d8%b5%d8%b5\/%d8%a3%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%91%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644\u0629: \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"\"<\/a>

Roman Anin<\/p><\/div>\n

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\u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 “\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 2018-19 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0633. \u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/a>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u00a0 <\/span>IStories<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647 “\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646” \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

VeraCrypt<\/b><\/p>\n

“\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0643<\/span> VeraCrypt<\/span><\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0634\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0629 (<\/span>encrypted folders)<\/span> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0622\u0645\u0646. \u0642\u0628\u0644 <\/span>VeraCrypt<\/span> \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <\/span>TrueCryp\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 “\u062c\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062c” \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u00a0 <\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/a> \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u062c\u0626\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u061b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0622\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a\u064f \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064e \u0623\u064a\u064f\u0651 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0650\u0651 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 VeraCrypt \u2013 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 – \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0648\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062f\u064f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 VeraCrypt \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651.”<\/span><\/p>\n

LastPass<\/b><\/p>\n

“<\/span>LastPass<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u064a\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0622\u0645\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 LastPass \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u0650 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064d \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u062a\u064f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0632 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 SIM \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 Gmail \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 SIM. \u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u062a\u064a: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0651 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064d\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 (<\/span>two-step authentication)<\/span>. (\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064f<\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 Google<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064d \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064d).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641 “\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 LastPass \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0632\u0642. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644: “\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 LastPass \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u061f” \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629: \u0644\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 LastPass \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646 LastPass \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u064b\u0627 “\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0632\u064e\u0651\u0623\u0629” \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627”.<\/span><\/p>\n

OpenRefine<\/b><\/p>\n

“<\/span>OpenRefine<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0635\u0639\u0628\u064c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Python \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 OpenRefine \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a(<\/span>spreadsheet<\/span>)\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0645\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. OpenRefine \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a OpenRefine \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0642\u0635\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649<\/span> Tabula<\/span><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0650 PDF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Excel\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0 OpenRefine. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u064f \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 OpenRefine. \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0623\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064f\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064a\u063a\u0629.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a”<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 IStories \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646: \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/p><\/div>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u063a<\/b><\/p>\n

“\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629:<\/span> \u0628\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0628\u062a<\/span><\/a>. \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062a\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0651\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0628\u062a\u060c\u00a0 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 D3 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0651.<\/span><\/p>\n

“<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a IStories<\/span><\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631\u062a\u064f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064e \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0628\u0637.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a 400,000 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u064d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a Python \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064e \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0646\u0627. \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629”.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064f \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064d \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u063a. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0644 400 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u061f”<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0650 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064d \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064d \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064d \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0650\u0651\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f: \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f \u0643\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e…\u061f \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 HTML\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0651\u00a0 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0645\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/p>\n

“\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d<\/span> \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629<\/span><\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064f \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064c \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0651\u0637\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629”.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u00a0 ‘\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644’\u060c ‘\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a’\u060c \u0648 ‘\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645’ \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 “\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645” \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645” \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a<\/span> \u0642\u0635\u0651\u0629<\/span><\/a>\u064b<\/span> \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648Import Genius<\/b><\/p>\n

“\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a \u0647\u064a<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 Comtrade<\/span><\/a>. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u064c \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0650\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u062a\u064e\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0652 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 – \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 – \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. Un Comtrade \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0650\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0631. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a).<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a 4 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0650\u0641\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c<\/span> \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064e\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629:<\/span> Import Genius<\/span><\/a>. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. [<\/span>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0628\u064a\u0646 99 \u0648399 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2020.]<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"\"<\/a>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a-\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a <\/span>The Times, The Independent, Private Eye, NiemanLab, The Africa Report, and Jeune Afrique \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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