{"id":279085,"date":"2020-10-31T12:13:18","date_gmt":"2020-10-31T16:13:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=279085"},"modified":"2023-06-25T07:32:39","modified_gmt":"2023-06-25T11:32:39","slug":"%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%ad%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84-7-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b5%d9%91%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%82-%d8%af%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af\/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%ad%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84-7-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b5%d9%91%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%82-%d8%af%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644: (7) \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628"},"content":{"rendered":"

English<\/strong><\/a> \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

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\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632<\/span><\/a>\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u00a0 <\/span>\u0641\u064a Axios \u060c<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u00a0 <\/span>\u0641\u064a Medium<\/span><\/a> \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 “\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064d \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Apple News+ \u0648 SmartNews\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629\u064c \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631:<\/span> 22 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020<\/span><\/a>\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a “\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> Blogging Guide<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 “\u0643\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0648”.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Medium<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2012\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 120 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a “\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u0629\u064c \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628<\/span> “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644”<\/span><\/a> \u0644\u062f\u0649 Medium \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 “\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Medium \u0645\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u064f\u0632\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 Medium \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0628\u0640 5 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 50 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a Medium<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0626\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/span>\u00a0\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 Medium \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0649 “\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649” \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/a>. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/span> Medium Partner Program<\/span><\/a> \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c.<\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631:\u00a0 <\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a Medium\u060c<\/span><\/a> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a Medium .<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/a> \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Medium\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0621” \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 “\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0644” \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0642” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0644. (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Medium \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649) \u0648\u0646\u0635\u062d\u062a:<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Medium \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629. \u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0643 \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0623\u0639\u0650\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Medium \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0650\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0643 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a “Medium”<\/span> \u0623\u0646 68%<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646 8\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 100 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a 21,650.88 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0627\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u064e 8,855.73 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

Substack<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Substack \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639: “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0633\u0639\u0631\u064b\u0627”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 Substack 10\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 2.9\u066a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 30 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 Substack\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0632\u0639\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Substack \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 250,000 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/a> Substack \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2020 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u00a0 <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/a> \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 Substack \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2020<\/span> \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/span><\/a> \u0643\u062a\u0628 “<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0632\u064a”\u060c<\/span><\/a> \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0640\u0640<\/span> Substack <\/span>\u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644: “\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629”.<\/span><\/p>\n

Patreon<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 – \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 –\u00a0 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2014 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a”. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 “\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0648” Patreon \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064e \u062f\u0641\u0639\u064d \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 100,000 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0639\u064d. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/span> \u0647\u0646<\/span><\/a>\u0627<\/span> \u0648<\/span>\u0647\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629)\u00a0 \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> Writer\u2019s Edit<\/span><\/a>\u0648 <\/span>Merchant Maverick<\/span><\/a>, \u0648 <\/span>VentureBeat<\/span><\/a>. <\/span>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064f\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064f\u0627. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Graphtreon<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u064a\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 Patreon.<\/span><\/p>\n

TinyLetter<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

TinyLetter \u0647\u0648 “\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0627<\/span> Mailchimp<\/span><\/a>.” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 5000 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ko-fi<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627: “\u0627\u062f\u0639\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0648\u0629”. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Ko-fi \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 PayPal \u0623\u0648 Stripe. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 6 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a” \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kindle Direct Publishing<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Kindle \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641. \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 Amazon. \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629<\/span> “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644”<\/span><\/a>. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2019<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 “\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062b” \u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span>Writers & Readers\u00a0 <\/span>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 (Formatting) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644<\/span>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2020<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u0641\u064a <\/span>Just Publishing Advice<\/span> \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Kindle \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 Amazon. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/b><\/h4>\n

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\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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