{"id":1690270,"date":"2024-08-13T03:45:35","date_gmt":"2024-08-13T07:45:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/?p=1690270"},"modified":"2024-08-13T03:45:35","modified_gmt":"2024-08-13T07:45:35","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643.&#8221; &#8211; \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 &#8220;\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0646&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0651&#8221;(\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0651\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631)\u00a0 \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3964612\/\"> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0651\u064a<\/a> \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629. 20 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 24 \u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629\u064c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0640 48 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u064f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0636\u0639\u064e \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a &#8220;<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/article-abstract\/195843\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644&#8221; \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a &#8220;<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cmu.edu\/dietrich\/sds\/people\/faculty\/george-loewenstein.html\">\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646&#8221;:<\/a> &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u064a\u0651\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u064a&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0651\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u064d \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.students4bestevidence.net\/eminence-based-medicine-vs-evidence-based-medicine\/\"> Students<\/a> <a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.students4bestevidence.net\/eminence-based-medicine-vs-evidence-based-medicine\/\">4 Best Evidence<\/a>. \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629: \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621&#8221;. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0652 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u064c \u0628\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0648\u062a). \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u064a \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629\u0650 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064e\u062c\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 &#8220;\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644&#8221;. \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623\u064f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u064a \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-doc.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-1690301 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-doc-336x372.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-doc-336x372.png 336w, https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-doc.png 519w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><\/a>\u0643\u0634\u0641\u064f \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064c \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/openpayments\/\"> Open Payments <\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.transparence.sante.gouv.fr\/\"> Transparence Sant\u00e9<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u062b\u0644<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.efpia.eu\/relationships-code\/disclosure-of-payments-to-hcps\/\"> \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221;. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0639\u0628\u0650 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.\u00a0 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u00a0&#8220;<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/projects.propublica.org\/docdollars\/\">\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0621&#8221;<\/a> \u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 CORRECTIV &#8220;\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/en\/investigations\/euros-doctors\/database\/\"> \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621&#8221;<\/a> \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\u064c \u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u0651\u064f\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0650 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064e \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0650\u0639<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/patents.justia.com\/\"> \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 Justia<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064c\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30604124\"> \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0648\/\u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631<\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u00a0 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/y25ctqsj\"> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/a>\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627\u00a0 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627: &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\/\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u064d \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064f\u0636\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/collections.plos.org\/disease-mongering\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636&#8221; &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u062a\u0647 &#8220;\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK430655\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK430655\/\"> \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629:<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2007\/01\/02\/health\/02essa.html\"> \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0650\u0636\u064f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/collections.plos.org\/disease-mongering\"> \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 PLOS<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 British Medical Journal\u00a0 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/too-much-medicine\"> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 2000 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/nofreelunch.org\/pledge.htm\"> \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0651\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 (\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/health-and-medicine-guide-appendix\"> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642)\u061b<\/a> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064d \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 Lown Institute \u00a0\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/lowninstitute.org\/projects\/the-lown-list-of-independent-health-experts\"> \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/a>. \u0623\u0646\u064f\u0634\u0626\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0631&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2008 \u0641\u064a British Medical Journal \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/jeannelenzer.com\/medical-examiner-blog\/2017\/11\/21\/naming-names\">\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0650\u0643\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0632)<\/a>\u061f\u00a0 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 &#8220;\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0631&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0634\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0631&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u063a \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a&#8221;. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthnewsreview.org\/toolkit\/independent-experts\/\">HealthNewsReview.org<\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/jeannelenzer.com\/list-independent-experts\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u0650 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064d \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 (&#8220;\u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 . . . &#8220;) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=fC824QVbhI0\"> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062d\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 &#8220;\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635&#8221; \u0633\u0646\u0629 2018\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 Kaiser Health News: \u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/khn.org\/news\/patient-advocacy-groups-take-in-millions-from-drugmakers-is-there-a-payback\/\">\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064f \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Mother Jones<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/crime-justice\/2019\/08\/unsealed-documents-show-how-purdue-pharma-created-a-pain-movement\/\"> &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648 &#8216;\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645&#8217;\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/australia-news\/2019\/jan\/16\/pharmaceutical-companies-spent-34m-on-patient-advocacy-groups-research-finds\"> &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642\u062a 34 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649&#8221;<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629:\u00a0 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u063a\u0637\u0651\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2019<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wcsj2019.eu\/supporters\"> \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646&#8221;\u060c<\/a>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0629<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wcsj2019.eu\/Sessions\/Championing-science-engagement-and-inclusivity-for-everyone%2C-everywhere-%28sponsored-by-Johnson%26Johnson%29\"> \u063a\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0647\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 #ChampionsofScience\u00a0 (#\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jnj.com\/champions-of-science\"> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0645\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wcsj2019.eu\/Sessions\/Raising-the-Bar-on-Sustainability-and-Transparency-(sponsored-by-Bayer)\">\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221;.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u062a\u0633 (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629) \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Merck \u0648 GlaxoSmithKline \u0648 Eli Lilly\u0648 Pfizer \u0648 Novartis\u0648 Sanofi \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/society\/bill-gates-foundation-philanthropy\/\"> \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/a> The Nation \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 &#8220;\u062a\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0628&#8221;. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 \u00a0<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/bhekisisa.org\/our-donors\/\">\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 Bhekisisa \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\"> \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ejc.net\/\"> \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/a>\u0651\u060c \u0648<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icfj.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-12\/2019%20Annual%20Review.pdf\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icfj.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-01\/ICFJ%20Annual%20Review%202018_with%20Links_1%20%281%29.pdf\"> \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627<\/a>. \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Columbia Journalism Review \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 &#8220;\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0631&#8221;: \u00a0&#8220;<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archives.cjr.org\/the_observatory\/how_ray_suarez_really_caught_t.php\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u062d\u0642 &#8220;\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0632&#8221; \u0628\u0631\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c<\/a> \u0648<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/archives.cjr.org\/the_observatory\/the_web_grows_wider.php\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0639<\/a>&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0652 \u0646\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627&#8221; \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062d\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.re-check.ch\/wordpress\/en\/home_en\/\"> Re-Check.ch<\/a> \u00a0\u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0650\u062c\u064e &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0646<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sept.info\/mammo-business-14\"> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a<\/a> \u00a0&#8211; \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0647\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-clipboard-336x419-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-1690324\" src=\"https:\/\/gijn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-clipboard-336x419-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"419\" \/><\/a>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u062d&#8221;. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064d \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u060c<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/263010694_Gagnon_Marc-Andre_2012_Corporate_influence_over_clinical_research_Considering_the_alternatives\"> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0642\u0648\u0644 &#8220;\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646&#8221;\u060c<\/a> \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0645\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0630\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0650 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0650 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629&#8221;. (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a&#8221; \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.re-check.ch\/wordpress\/en\/ghoman\"> \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064d \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0628\u062d<\/a>&#8220;.)<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0650 \u0627\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629)\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u062d \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629<a rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/2023152#.XSsTh617EUE\"> \u0643\u0647\u0630\u0647<\/a>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0651&#8221;(\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0651\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631)\u00a0 \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3031114,"featured_media":1690278,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"republication-tracker-tool-hide-widget":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"categories":[23058,23059,23056],"tags":[],"gijn_topic":[],"series":[],"gijn_language":[],"gijn_region":[],"class_list":["post-1690270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-23058","category-23059","category-23056"],"acf":[],"ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1690270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3031114"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1690270"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1690270\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1690347,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1690270\/revisions\/1690347"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1690278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1690270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1690270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1690270"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_topic?post=1690270"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=1690270"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_language?post=1690270"},{"taxonomy":"gijn_region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gijn.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gijn_region?post=1690270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}